40The term, preterm and growth-restricted baby Assessment of gestational age Most babies are born at term and are healthy (Figure 40.1). However, low birthweight (LBW) babies, that is <2.5 kg at…

38Overall daily assessment of the term neonate including vital signs and bladder and bowel function For most term neonates adapting to extrauterine life is a normal physiological event. But in…

37Appearance and characteristics of the well term neonate Appearance A term baby is one born between 37 and 42 weeks’ gestation. The dermis is well formed and the skin is…

2Hand hygiene Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) cost the health service millions of pounds per year, as well as causing women and their families unnecessary suffering and concern. In the mid 1800s,…

36The midwife’s examination of the baby at birth including identification of the neonate The initial examination of the newborn by the midwife at birth is essential, as the transition from…

31Examination of the placenta and membranes The placenta and membranes are examined shortly after birth to ascertain completeness. Retained placental tissue or membranes may lead to postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) or…

34Monitoring the fetal heart in pregnancy and labour It is the role of the midwife to provide appropriate care during pregnancy and labour, which promotes normal birth and detects complications…

32Urinary catheterisation Urinary catheterisation is increasingly used in a number of women during labour, preoperatively and in the postnatal period. During the physiological process of labour, bladder care is a…