Fig. 7.1 Classification of theories according to level of abstraction 7.1.3 Theory Development Strategies When theory development is discussed, the terms approach and strategy are commonly used instead of development….
Fig. 2.1 Example of data analysis to create open codes This process of reading through raw data sentence by sentence and marking instances of open codes is an example of…
Fig. 1.1 An example of a descriptive study Fig. 1.2 An example of an exploratory study Fig. 1.3 An example of a predictive study 1.2 Comparison Between Quantitative and Qualitative…
Fig. 4.1 The frequencies at which several participant experiences appeared in the results of a content analysis Another way that researchers can quantify the results of content analysis is to…
Fig. 9.1 The process of developing a hypothetical model for theory testing Table 9.1 Evaluation criteria for the statistical testing of the theory (Acton et al. [11]) Conceptual framework of…
Fig. 3.1 The research process of deductive data analysis Research employing deductive content analysis relies on the same data collection methods and sources that are used in inductive content analysis,…
Raw text Meaning unit Code Beard 2013 [1] Defining role When asked to describe their role in educating minority students, participants from high performing schools (HPS) believed their role was…
Content validity index (CVI) Not relevant Item need some revision Relevant but need minor revision Very relevant Not clear Item need some revision Clear but need minor revision Very clear…
Principle Content Honesty • A researcher must be honest in the proposing, planning, performing, and reporting of research • A researcher must honestly describe the research contribution and disclose any potential conflicts…
Fig. 5.1 A consistent research process supports dependability There are several ways through which a researcher can strengthen the dependability of their data analysis. These include independent coding-recoding, peer examination,…