6. CAROTID ARTERY RUPTURE
PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS A general understanding of the anatomy is helpful for understanding what occurs with a carotid artery rupture (CAR). The carotid arteries run parallel to the jugular vein on…
4. BRONCHIOLITIS OBLITERANS
PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is a phenomenon that has been studied and documented in the literature since 1901 (Holland et al., 1988). As Ezri and colleagues (1994)…
3. MALIGNANT ASCITES
PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS Malignant ascites, a collection of fluid in the peritoneum, is a serious prognostic event in the progression of several tumors. These tumors include breast, colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, hepatocellular…
1. ACUTE PANCREATITIS
PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the pancreas that is caused by the premature activation of pancreatic enzymes. These enzymes are normally secreted in an inactive form…
5. CARDIAC TAMPONADE AND PERICARDIAL EFFUSIONS
PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS Pericardial disease is classified into three categories: pericarditis, pericardial effusion, and pericardial tamponade. The pathophysiologic importance of this constellation of disorders is related to the degree of compromise…
Principles of phlebotomy and intravenous therapy: Intravenous infusion
Chapter 48 Principles of phlebotomy and intravenous therapy Intravenous infusion Chapter contents Learning outcomes 358 Definition 359 Indications 359 Equipment 359 Intravenous administration set (‘giving set’) 359 Medical infusion devices 360 Syringe pumps 360 Volumetric pumps 360 Calculating…
Principles of restricted mobility management: Prevention of venous thromboembolism
Chapter 54 Principles of restricted mobility management Prevention of venous thromboembolism Chapter contents Learning outcomes 408 Venous thromboembolism 409 Complications of DVT 409 Risk factors 409 Pre-existing factors 409 Obstetric factors 409 New-onset/transient factors 409 Potentially reversible…
Principles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Neonatal resuscitation
Chapter 56 Principles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation Neonatal resuscitation Chapter contents Learning outcomes 429 Pathophysiology of asphyxia 430 Anticipation 430 Equipment 431 Principles of neonatal resuscitation 431 Assessment of the baby 432 Airway 433 Breathing 434 Circulation 437 Drug therapy 438…
Principles of intrapartum skills: Perineal repair
Chapter 34 Principles of intrapartum skills Perineal repair Chapter contents Learning outcomes 267 The pelvic floor 268 Aims of perineal repair 269 Perineal damage 269 To suture or not to suture? 269 Choice of suture…
Principles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Maternal resuscitation
Chapter 55 Principles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation Maternal resuscitation Chapter contents Learning outcomes 417 Anticipation of collapse 418 Equipment 418 Immediate availability 418 Accessible 418 Initial assessment 419 Assessing responsiveness 419 Calling for help 419 Airway 419 Breathing 420 Circulation 420 Defibrillation 421…
