NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS Charlene M. Deuber Overview Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common gastrointestinal emergency in the neonatal period. Involving ischemic necrosis of the bowel wall, or intestinal mucosa, gas-producing…

HYDRONEPHROSIS Charlene M. Deuber Overview Hydronephrosis is one of the most common fetal anomalies, detected in 1% of pregnancies. A sign rather than a diagnosis, hydronephrosis references significant dilation of…

HYPERTENSION Mary F. Terhaar Overview Hypertension in neonates may present insidiously as feeding difficulty, irritability, tachypnea, apnea, or lethargy; may be identified on routine screening; or may present more acutely…