Mesenteric ischemia, 557.9 Small-Bowel Obstruction, 560.9 SMALL-BOWEL OBSTRUCTION I. Definition A. Blockage of the lumen of the intestine that prevents normal functioning and results in distention and tremendous losses of…
Esophageal varices, 456.1 Lower gastrointestinal bleeding, 578.9 Upper gastrointestinal bleeding, 578.9 ESOPHAGEAL VARICES I. Definition A. Dilated submucosal veins that may develop in patients with underlying portal hypertension that can…
Heart failure, 428.9 I. Definition/general comments. A. Heart failure (HF) is a syndrome, rather than a disease, caused by a variety of pathophysiologic processes in which the heart is unable…
Acute pancreatitis, 577.0 Cholecystitis, 575.10 CHOLECYSTITIS I. Definition Inflammation of the gallbladder, acute or chronic, associated with gallstones (cholelithiasis) in more than 90% of cases II. Etiology/contributing factors/risk factors A….
Appendicitis, 541 Diverticulitis, 562.11 Peritonitis, 567.9 Ulcerative colitis, 556.9 DIVERTICULITIS I. Definition A. Inflammation or localized perforation of diverticulum with abscess formation B. Occurs annually in approximately 5% of patients…
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, 530.81 Peptic ulcer disease, 533.9 PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE (PUD) I. Definition A. A gastrointestinal ulcer is a loss of enteric surface epithelium that extends deeply enough to…
Hepatic failure, 572.8 Hepatitis, 573.3 HEPATITIS I. Definition A. Hepatitis refers to an inflammation of the liver that can be caused by many drugs and toxic agents, as well as…
INDICATIONS FOR MECHANICAL VENTILATION I. Inadequate intrinsic respiratory capacity to prevent or compensate for severe hypoxia and/or hypercarbia due to the following: A. Neuromuscular (NM) depression or failure 1. Drugs…
Hypertension, 401.9 I. Definition A. Sustained elevation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 140 mmHg or above, or of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 90 mmHg or above, at least…
The authors would like to acknowledge David A. Miller for his contributions that remain unchanged from the first edition. Obstructive sleep apnea, 327.23 CHARACTERISTICS OF BREATHING AND SLEEP I. Tidal…
