Preterm premature rupture of membranes
94 Preterm premature rupture of membranes Pathophysiology When membranes rupture before the onset of labor it is called premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is…
Preterm labor
93 Preterm labor Overview/pathophysiology Preterm labor (PTL) is the onset of labor before 37 wk gestation. A preterm birth occurs before the completion of 37 wk of pregnancy. A preterm…
Preeclampsia
92 Preeclampsia Overview/pathophysiology Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are the most frequently reported medical complications of pregnancy. Classification terminology has been confusing and nonuniform. American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG)…
Postpartum wound infection
91 Postpartum wound infection Overview/pathophysiology Wound infection is one of the postpartum (puerperal) infections that women may develop after childbirth. The infection rate for patients with a cesarean is 5%-15%,…
Hyperemesis gravidarum
90 Hyperemesis gravidarum Overview/pathophysiology Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms of unknown cause in the first trimester of pregnancy. Although mildly or moderately distressing, they do not cause metabolic imbalance….
Diabetes in pregnancy
89 Diabetes in pregnancy Overview/pathophysiology According to the National Diabetes Data Group Classification, there are four types of diabetes (ADA, 2006). They are type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), called insulin-dependent…
Bleeding in pregnancy
88 Bleeding in pregnancy Overview/pathophysiology Hemorrhage during pregnancy continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Although at times it may be minor, bleeding can be life threatening…
Sickle cell pain crisis
87 Sickle cell pain crisis Overview/pathophysiology Sickle cell disease (SCD) comprises a group of hereditary blood disorders in which hemoglobin S (HbS) is the dominant hemoglobin. HbS (sickle hemoglobin) replaces…
Fractures in children
83 Fractures in children Overview/pathophysiology Fractures are common childhood injuries and usually the result of trauma (falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports injuries, child abuse) or bone disease with abnormally fragile…
