Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate(soe’ dee um)
Kalexate, Kayexalate, Kionex, SPS
PREGNANCY CATEGORY C
Drug Class
Potassium-removing resin
Therapeutic Actions
An ion exchange resin that releases sodium ions in exchange for potassium ions as it passes along the intestine after oral administration or is retained in the colon after enema, thus reducing elevated serum potassium levels; action is limited and unpredictable.
Indications
Treatment of hyperkalemia
Contraindications and Cautions
Contraindicated with allergy to any component of the drug, obstructive bowel, severe hypertension, severe HF, marked edema (risk of sodium overload); for rectal administration in neonates, neonates with reduced gastric motility.
Use cautiously with severe hyperkalemia; may need other definitive measures.
Available Forms
Suspension—15 g/60 mL; powder—454 g
Dosages
Adults
Oral
15–60 g/day PO, best given as 15 g daily to qid. Powder may be given as suspension with water or syrup (20–100 mL). May be introduced into stomach via nasogastric tube.
Enema
30–50 g every 6 hr given in appropriate vehicle and retained for 30–60 min or as long as possible.
Pediatric patients
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