Itraconazole(eye tra kon’ a zole)
Sporanox
PREGNANCY CATEGORY C
Drug class
Antifungal—triazole
Therapeutic Actions
Binds to sterols in the fungal cell membrane, changing membrane permeability; fungicidal or fungistatic depending on concentration and organism.
Indications
Parenteral and oral: Treatment of blastomycosis, histoplasmosis in immunocompromised and nonimmunocompromised patients
Parenteral and oral: Treatment of aspergillosis in patients intolerant or refractory to amphotericin B
Treatment of onychomycosis due to dermatophytes (capsules only)
Parenteral and oral: Treatment of febrile neutropenic patients with suspected fungal infections
Oral solution: Treatment of fungal, candidiasis infections of the esophagus or mouth
Unlabeled uses: Treatment of superficial and systemic mycoses, fungal keratitis, cutaneous leishmaniasis; used as an alternative to fluconazole for HIV patients to prevent candiasis, cryptococcosis, and coccidiodomycosis
Contraindications and Cautions
Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to itraconazole or other azoles, lactation, heart failure, history of prolonged QTc interval.
Use cautiously with hepatic or renal impairment, arrhythmias, pregnancy.
Available Forms
Capsules—100 mg; oral solution—10 mg/mL
Dosages
Adults
Empiric febrile neutropenia: 200 mg PO bid until clinically significant neutropenia resolves.
Candidiasis: 200 mg/day PO (oral solution only) for 1–2 wk (oropharyngeal); 100 mg/day PO for a minimum of 3 wk (esophageal); 200 mg/day PO in AIDS patients and neutropenic patients.
Blastomycosis or chronic histoplasmosis: 200 mg/day PO for a minimum of 3 mo, may increase to a maximum of 400 mg/day.
Other systemic mycoses: 100–200 mg/day PO for 3–6 mo.
Dermatophytoses: 100–200 mg/day to bid PO for 7–28 days, determined by specific infection.
Fingernail onychomycosis: 200 mg bid PO for 1 wk, followed by 3-wk rest period; repeat.
Toenail onychomycosis: 200 mg/day PO for 12 wk.
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