Psychotherapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Jessica W. Guite Michael Reiss Introduction With the advent of the biopsychosocial model of pain (Engel, 1977), there is a greater appreciation of the role that…
Multimodal Pain Management Kyounghae Kim The International Association for the Study of Pain (1994) defines pain as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage,…
Pain Assessment, Clinical History, and Examination Paula S. McCauley CASE STUDY You are a novice Advanced Practice Registered Nurse and have been hired by the orthopedic service in your organization…
Biopsychosocial Model of Pain and Patient-Centered Pain Management Angela Starkweather Definition and Epidemiology of Pain Pain has been described throughout time as a symptom, similar to fatigue or depression, that…
Pain Neurophysiology and Phenotypes Angela Starkweather Pain takes on many different forms and can change over time. Pain terminology is important for defining the type of pain and informs the…
