Nurse Key

Hypocalcemia TERMS Chvostek’s sign Hypoalbuminemia Hypocalcemia Trousseau’s sign QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Normal calcium exchange in the blood is controlled by the parathyroid hormone. Hypocalcemia results when the…

Hypercalcemia TERMS Hypercalcemia QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Hypercalcemia is documented when the serum calcium level rises above 10.5 mg/dL or 5.5 mEq/L. It has few specific findings to…

Calcium TERMS Calcium QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Calcium is a mineral that helps to build and maintain the bones and teeth, regulate the heart’s rhythm, transmit nerve impulses,…

Hypokalemia TERMS Hypokalemia QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD A serum level of potassium below 3.5 mEq/L is considered hypokalemia. A low potassium level results from an inadequate intake, excessive…

Hyperkalemia TERMS Hyperkalemia QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Though the range for a normal potassium level is narrow (3.5-5.3 mEq/L), elevated potassium levels are unusual in the healthy person….

Potassium TERMS Potassium QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Potassium is the primary intracellular cation regulating intracellular osmolality. Intracellular levels of potassium range from 140 to 150 mEq/L compared with…

Hyponatremia TERMS Hyponatremia Hypervolemic hyponatremia Hypovolemic hyponatremia QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Conditions resulting in an excessive sodium loss or excessive water gain lead to hyponatremia, a low serum…

Hypernatremia TERMS Hypernatremia QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Hypernatremia occurs when the serum sodium level exceeds 148 mEq/L. An elevated serum sodium level may be caused by either a…

Sodium TERMS Sodium QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Sodium is considered the most important cation in the extracellular fluid, with a primary focus to control serum osmolality levels and…

Fluid Deficit TERMS Hyperosmolar fluid volume deficit Isoosmolar fluid volume QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD When serum sodium levels rise in the vascular system due to a fluid loss,…