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Respiratory Regulation QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD The respiratory system provides a quick response to an acid-base imbalance through control of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in…

Renal Regulation QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD The kidneys are effective in acid-base balance because they permanently remove the hydrogen ion from the body. Though efficient, with the ability…

pH Regulation Through Buffering Systems QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Metabolic regulation of the body’s pH is controlled by proteins, carbonic acid-bicarbonate, phosphates, and the plasma potassium-hydrogen exchange. Some…

Acid-Base TERMS Hydrogen ion QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD In this chapter we discuss the hydrogen ion and its relationship to pH. The regulation of pH through the buffering…

Hypomagnesemia TERMS Hypomagnesmia QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Hypomagnesemia is a condition that results in a magnesium blood level of < 1.5 mEq/L. Though magnesium deficiency is not frequently…

Hypermagnesemia TERMS Hypermagnesemia QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Hypermagnesemia occurs with a magnesium serum level greater than 2.7 mEq/L. The increased level occurs in the extracellular compartment and results…

Magnesium TERMS Magnesium QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD After potassium, magnesium is the second most prevalent cation in the intracellular fluid. The normal concentration of magnesium is 1.8 to…

Hypochloremia TERMS Hypochloremia QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Hypochloremia is defined as a serum chloride level of less than 98 mEq/L. It rarely occurs in the absence of other…

Hyperchloremia TERMS Hyperchloremia QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Hyperchloremia is an excess amount of chloride in the blood. A level exceeding 106 mEq/L in the extracellular fluid constitutes a…

Chloride TERMS Chloride QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD Chloride is a mineral electrolyte, found primarily in the extracellular fluid, that helps distribute body fluids by attaching to sodium or…