Histamine2 (H2) Antagonists

Jul 20, 2016 by in NURSING Comments Off on Histamine2 (H2) Antagonists

Histamine2 (H2) Antagonists PREGNANCY CATEGORY B Therapeutic Actions H2 antagonists inhibit the action of histamine at the H2 receptors of the stomach, inhibiting gastric acid secretion and reducing total pepsin…

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Fluoroquinolones

Jul 20, 2016 by in NURSING Comments Off on Fluoroquinolones

Fluoroquinolones PREGNANCY CATEGORY C Therapeutic Actions Fluoroquinolones are antibacterial. They interfere with DNA replication in susceptible gram-negative bacteria, preventing cell reproduction and leading to death of bacteria. Indications Treatment of…

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Diuretics

Jul 20, 2016 by in NURSING Comments Off on Diuretics

Diuretics PREGNANCY CATEGORY B OR C Therapeutic Actions Diuretics are divided into several subgroups. Thiazide and thiazide-related diuretics inhibit reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the distal renal tubule, increasing…

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Corticosteroids

Jul 20, 2016 by in NURSING Comments Off on Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids PREGNANCY CATEGORY C Therapeutic Actions Corticosteroids enter target cells and bind to cytoplasmic receptors, initiating many complex reactions that are responsible for anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive (glucocorticoid), and salt-retaining (mineralocorticoid) actions….

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Cephalosporins

Jul 20, 2016 by in NURSING Comments Off on Cephalosporins

Cephalosporins PREGNANCY CATEGORY B Therapeutic Actions Cephalosporins are antibiotics. They are bactericidal, inhibiting synthesis of bacterial cell wall, causing cell death in susceptible bacteria. Indications Treatment of pharyngitis, tonsillitis caused…

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Calcium Channel Blockers

Jul 20, 2016 by in NURSING Comments Off on Calcium Channel Blockers

Calcium Channel Blockers PREGNANCY CATEGORY C Therapeutic Actions Calcium channel blockers are antianginal and antihypertensive. They inhibit the movement of calcium ions across the membranes of cardiac and arterial muscle…

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Bisphosphonates

Jul 20, 2016 by in NURSING Comments Off on Bisphosphonates

Bisphosphonates PREGNANCY CATEGORY D (PARENTERAL) PREGNANCY CATEGORY C (ORAL) Therapeutic Actions Bisphosphonates inhibit bone resorption, possibly by inhibiting osteoclast activity and promoting osteoclast cell apoptosis; this action leads to decreased…

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Beta-adrenergic Blockers (β-blockers)

Jul 20, 2016 by in NURSING Comments Off on Beta-adrenergic Blockers (β-blockers)

Beta-adrenergic Blockers (β-blockers) PREGNANCY CATEGORY C (MOST) PREGNANCY CATEGORY D (ATENOLOL) PREGNANCY CATEGORY B (ACEBUTOLOL, PINDOLOL, SOTALOL) Therapeutic Actions Beta-adrenergic blockers are antianginals, antiarrhythmics, and antihypertensives. These drugs competitively block…

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Benzodiazepines

Jul 20, 2016 by in NURSING Comments Off on Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines PREGNANCY CATEGORY D OR X CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE C-IV Therapeutic Actions Benzodiazepines are anxiolytics, antiepileptics, muscle relaxants, and sedative-hypnotics. Their exact mechanisms of action are not understood, but it is…

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Barbiturates

Jul 20, 2016 by in NURSING Comments Off on Barbiturates

Barbiturates PREGNANCY CATEGORY D PREGNANCY CATEGORY C (THIOPENTAL) PREGNANCY CATEGORY B (METHOHEXITAL) CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE C-II Therapeutic Actions Barbiturates act as sedatives, hypnotics, antiepileptics, and general anesthetics. They are general CNS…

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