Amniotic fluid embolism
Amniotic fluid embolism The escape of amniotic fluid into maternal circulation Results from a defect in the membranes after rupture or from partial abruptio placentae Increases fetal risk for deposition…
Abruptio placentae
Abruptio placentae Premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall Usually occurs after 20 weeks’ gestation, most commonly during the third trimester Cause of bleeding during the second half…
Ballard gestational-age assessment tool
Ballard gestational-age assessment tool To complete this assessment, evaluate and score the neonate’s neuromuscular and physical maturity, total the score, and then plot the sum in the maturity rating box…
Assessing fetal head diameters at term
Assessing fetal head diameters at term The illustration below depicts three commonly used measures of fetal head diameters. The reference measurements in the illustration are averages for term neonates. Individual…
Assessing neonatal size and weight
Assessing neonatal size and weight In addition to weight, anthropometric measurements include head and chest circumferences and head-to-heel length. These measurements serve as a baseline and show whether neonatal size…
Common skin findings
Common skin findings A full-term neonate has beefy red skin for a few hours after birth before it turns its normal color. Other findings include: acrocyanosis (caused by vasomotor instability,…
Neurologic assessment
Neurologic assessment Normal neonates display various reflexes. Abnormalities are indicated by absence, asymmetry, persistence, or weakness in these reflexes: Sucking—begins when a nipple is placed in the neonate’s mouth
Neonatal assessment
Neonatal assessment Initial Suction the neonate to ensure a proper airway. Administer oxygen as needed. Dry the neonate under the warmer. Keep the neonate’s head lower than his trunk to…
Cardinal movements of labor
Cardinal movements of labor These illustrations show the fetal movements that occur during the cardinal movements of labor.
