Water Balance



Water Balance













Figure 8-1 Water balance.


REGULATING WATER LEVELS

The healthy individual requires approximately 100 mL of water per 100 calories ingested to help with metabolism and the elimination of wastes. The two main body means for regulating water levels are the thirst mechanism and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Both methods are sensitive to osmolality and to changes in extracellular fluid volume. Two hormones, aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), are helpful in eliminating sodium for the regulation of fluid overload.


Thirst

Thirst occurs when a loss of body water equals or exceeds 0.5% of the total body fluid. The perception of thirst, which occurs with even
the smallest loss of fluid, is one of the best regulators of water balance. Hyperosmolality is an event that activates the osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus, which trigger the sense of thirst.

Oct 17, 2016 | Posted by in NURSING | Comments Off on Water Balance

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