W



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1240


Weight Gain Assistance


Definition: Facilitating gain of body weight


Activities:



• Refer for diagnostic work-up to determine cause of being underweight, as appropriate


• Weigh patient at specified intervals, as appropriate


• Discuss possible causes of low body weight


• Monitor for nausea and vomiting


• Determine cause of nausea and/or vomiting, and treat appropriately


• Administer medications to reduce nausea and pain before eating, as appropriate


• Monitor daily calories consumed


• Monitor serum albumin, lymphocyte, and electrolyte levels


• Encourage increased calorie intake


• Instruct on how to increase calorie intake


• Provide a variety of high-calorie nutritious foods from which to select


• Consider patient’s food preferences, as governed by personal choices and cultural and religious preferences


• Provide oral care before meals, as needed


• Provide rest periods, as needed


• Ensure that patient is in a sitting position before eating or feeding


• Assist with eating or feed patient, as appropriate


• Provide foods appropriate for patient: general diet, mechanical soft, blenderized or commercial formula via nasogastric or gastrostomy tube, or total parental nutrition, as ordered by physician


• Create a pleasant, relaxing environment at mealtime


• Serve food in a pleasant, attractive manner


• Discuss with patient and family socioeconomic factors contributing to inadequate nutrition


• Discuss with patient and family perceptions or factors interfering with ability or desire to eat


• Refer to community agencies that can assist in acquiring food, as appropriate


• Teach patient and family meal planning, as appropriate


• Recognize that weight loss may be part of the natural progression of a terminal illness (e.g., cancer)


• Instruct patient and family members on realistic expected outcomes regarding illness and the potential for weight gain


• Determine patient’s food preferences regarding favorite foods, seasonings, and temperature


• Provide dietary supplements, as appropriate


• Create a social setting for food consumption, as appropriate


• Teach patient and family how to buy low-cost, nutritious foods, as appropriate


• Reward patient for weight gain


• Chart weight gain progress and post in a strategic location


• Encourage attendance at support groups, as appropriate


1st edition 1992; revised 2004



1260


Weight Management


Definition: Facilitating maintenance of optimal body weight and percent body fat


Activities:



• Discuss with individual the relationship between food intake, exercise, weight gain, and weight loss


• Discuss with individual the medical conditions that may affect weight


• Discuss with individual the habits and customs and cultural and heredity factors that influence weight


• Discuss risks associated with being overweight and underweight


• Determine individual motivation for changing eating habits


• Determine individual’s ideal body weight


• Determine individual’s ideal percent body fat


• Develop with the individual a method to keep a daily record of intake, exercise sessions, and/or changes in body weight


• Encourage individual to write down realistic weekly goals for food intake and exercise and to display them in a location where they can be reviewed daily


• Encourage individual to chart weekly weights, as appropriate


• Encourage individual to consume adequate amounts of water daily


• Plan rewards with the individual to celebrate reaching short-term and long-term goals


• Inform individual about whether support groups are available for assistance


• Assist in developing well-balanced meal plans consistent with level of energy expenditure


1st edition 1992; revised 2004



1280


Weight Reduction Assistance


Definition: Facilitating loss of weight and/or body fat


Activities:



• Determine patient’s desire and motivation to reduce weight or body fat


• Determine with the patient the amount of weight loss desired


• Use the terms “weight” or “excess” rather than “obesity”, “fatness”, and “excess fat”


• Set a realistic weekly goal for weight loss


• Post the weekly goal in a strategic location


• Weigh patient weekly


• Chart progress of reaching final goal, and post in a strategic location


• Discuss setbacks to help patient overcome challenges and be more successful


• Reward patient when attaining goals


• Encourage use of internal reward systems when goals are accomplished


• Set a realistic plan with the patient to include reduced food intake and increased energy expenditure


• Encourage self-monitoring of dietary intake and exercise by having patients keep a paper or handheld electronic diary


• Assist patient to identify motivation for eating and internal and external cues associated with eating


• Encourage substitution of undesirable habits with favorable habits


• Post reminder and encouragement signs to do health-promotion behaviors, rather than eating


• Assist with adjusting diets to lifestyle and activity level


• Facilitate patient participation in at least one energy-expending activity three times a week


• Provide information about amount of energy expended with specific physical activities


• Assist in selection of activities according to amount of desired energy expenditure


• Plan an exercise program, taking into consideration the patient’s limitations


• Advise to be active at home while doing household chores and find ways to move during day-to-day activities


• Administer medications for weight loss (e.g., sibutramine, orlistat), as prescribed


• Develop a daily meal plan with a well-balanced diet, reduced calories, and reduced fat, as appropriate


• Encourage the patient to emphasize fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fat-free or low fat milk and milk products, lean meats, fish, beans, and eggs


• Encourage use of sugar substitute, as appropriate


• Recommend adoption of diets that will lead to achievement of long-range goals for weight loss


• Encourage attendance at support groups for weight loss (e.g., Take Off Pounds Sensibly (TOPS),Weight Watchers)


• Refer to a community weight control program, as appropriate


• Refer to an online weight loss program (e.g., Weight-Control Information Network), as appropriate


• Instruct on how to read labels when purchasing food, to control amount of fat and calorie density of food obtained


• Instruct on how to calculate percentage of fat in food products


• Instruct on food selection, in restaurants and social gatherings, that are consistent with planned calorie and nutrient intake


• Discuss with patient and family the influence of alcohol consumption on food ingestion

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Dec 3, 2016 | Posted by in NURSING | Comments Off on W

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