The art of nursing practice

Being an artist












In Chapter 3 we talked about issues of managing your practice. In this chapter, we will talk about working with people.

The more I know people, the better I like my dog … (anonymous)

Working with people is one of the most challenging parts of being a nurse. In addition to the people for whom we care, we deal with many different professionals and personalities every day. If your nursing skills are exceptional but you can’t work with others, you will never be a very effective nurse. Interpersonal skills are the avenue for delivering good nursing care; they are an art.


BEING AN ARTIST


Before we go into how to practise the art, we need to talk about why you need to practise the art. Anyone can measure blood pressure. Once, doctors thought that only they could, then nurses fought to do it, then we found out it wasn’t a lot of fun so we let other people do it, and now – heaven forbid – we even let patients take their own blood pressures at home. What’s that noise? It’s not an earthquake, it’s the uproar of thousands of nursing sisters – long deceased – spinning in their graves at the mere thought!

Once, we thought that being a nurse was about having the right uniform on. Wait, uhm … , sometimes we still think that. It’s true, though, an artist needs protective clothing. But have you ever heard an art auctioneer say ‘This painting was done by a man with a petrol blue tunic, so it is much more valuable than that old Rembrandt over there, painted by a man with a rip in his pocket!’.



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No. Being an artist is about more than just having the right clothing – it’s also about having the right knowledge and skill for the job.


That’s why you have to be ready to be the kind of nurse who doesn’t need to paint by the numbers. You need to be prepared to paint an original: one with no gaps.

Another part of being an artist is being proud of your work. When is the last time an artist said ‘Oh, that old thing? Well, yes, you could buy it for £10 million but here, take it for nothing, it’s not really very good …’ . They don’t say that; even school children want to be rewarded for their artwork: ‘Mummy, either this goes on the fridge or I will never eat broccoli again’. As a nurse, you have every right to be proud of what you do. Anyone can paint by numbers, anyone can take a blood pressure, but you – you are a nurse, an artist, and you know how to provide nursing care that makes people feel better about themselves. You know how to prevent illness and injury; you know how to take the pain away.


As a nurse, you have a power that is nearly unimaginable. You can make it better. You can take the pain away, perhaps not always the physical pain but at least the emotional kind that comes from being lonely and afraid. You can soothe the fears and stop the panic. And you can do it in a way that looks easy. Some people can’t be saved but you can still make it easier for them, through loving compassion and sincere sympathy. Use your skill and your knowledge to make a difference and some day, when a patient takes your hand and looks in your eyes, and says ‘I’m glad you were my nurse …’ you will know how important this wonderful profession really is.

You will never be the highest paid person in the world but how many people can take the pain away? And how many people can get the kind of satisfaction from their job that you can get from yours? If it ever stops giving you that satisfaction, stop and look, because you are going the wrong way. Don’t keep going day after day being a nurse who doesn’t want to be one – instead, be the kind of nurse who makes a difference, to your own life as well as to others.

From here, we will talk about certain types of skills and abilities. But I always want you to think about how you use them. Be an artist, not a nurse-by-the-numbers. Don’t perform the skills, do nursing with the skills. Always look for the way to heal, to comfort, to fill the gaps and do the things that make the difference between a colouring book and a masterpiece.

You might be sitting there thinking ‘I don’t know if I can do that …’ and you’re going to expect me to say ‘Of course you can!’. But I’m not going to do that: only you can decide what kind of nurse you want to be. Nurses are good at blaming everyone else – for saying it was short staffing, the doctors, the HCAs, the family – everyone else prevents us from doing things the right way except us. Look in the mirror and be honest with yourself. Acknowledge where you fail your patients but be just as willing to see where you excel. You will always do a little of both; even the worst nurse does excel sometimes. If you want to be the nurse artist – the nurse who makes a difference – then you need to plan and prepare. No artist became one without training. You have to learn the technical skills (the science) and become comfortable with the theories and beliefs, but only you can take the talent and turn your nursing into art.


It helps to think about what kind of nurse you want to be: in the space below, reflect a moment before we go on. Which things do you feel are important in nursing?









❒ Assertiveness❒ Communication❒Leadership
❒ Dealing with difficult people❒ Reflection❒ Understanding research
❒ Being accountable as a professional❒ Tracking your accomplishments in PREP

All those things you ticked are the colours in your pallet. Grab your paintbrush: the lessons are about to begin:



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ASSERTIVENESS



A healthy person would do number 4 – assess the situation, decide the safest and best way forward, communicate with others and take the appropriate action. But, what happens next?



You’ve passed the Reliant, but … when you get home …


1. You take out an ad in every major newspaper so you can find the driver and apologise.


2. You rip up your driving licence so you don’t have to overtake anyone, ever again.


3. You sell your car and move into a cave in remote Sicily, to spend the rest of your natural life doing penance.


4. You don’t even think about it ever again.
It’s number 4, again. But you knew that.

So, why can you be assertive when you are driving a dangerous, heavy, fast-moving piece of machinery but not when you are speaking to another person?

See, overtaking is really an assertive act. You recognise that something is presenting an obstacle and you take appropriate actions to go around. No hurt feelings, no recriminations.

If you think about the driver in the Reliant for a minute – how should he react?




1. He should make a note of your number plate, find out who you are and stalk you.


2. He should continue along his way, happily moving slowly towards his destination.


3. He should try to catch you and ram into you.

Gotcha – there’s no number 4 this time!


The way to make sure you get a good response from people when you assert yourself is to assert yourself appropriately. To do that, you have to think about what assertiveness is:


• Being respectful of the needs and feelings of others.


• Taking care of yourself in a healthy way.


• Protecting your rights, and the rights of others.


• Communicating honestly about your needs and feelings.


• Looking for solutions, not just complaining about problems.


• Not aggressive or bullying.


• Not manipulating.


• Not violent, angry or unreasonable.


• Not about shame, blame or being nasty.


• Not about getting even.


• Not about making others look or feel badly.
It requires practice and reflection to develop assertiveness skills. You need to understand what you are feeling and thinking to make sure that your assertiveness is healthy. As you reflect, you will see that other people react well when you confront them in respectful, kind ways.

The key here is that everyone – no matter who – is afraid at some level that they will be hurt, that someone will reject them or that they might be embarrassed about something. No one wants to be in a position where they look bad.

If your assertiveness can make sure that your needs are met, without the other person looking or feeling badly, then there is no need for that person to react badly to you. Some people still will; if they do, as long as you have done everything you can to be respectful and considerate, then it’s not your fault or your problem. You can’t make people behave the way they should. If you think you are so powerful that you can control the way people think and act, then you have a serious problem. Do the best you can to be the best you can be, and let other people worry about themselves.


There are some times when assertiveness isn’t a good idea: ‘Excuse me, I know you are busy doing CPR, but you don’t have an apron on and we are supposed to wear aprons if we are touching a patient’s bed … ’ . If assertiveness isn’t going to make things any better, don’t go there.

How do you frame an assertive confrontation?


1. State the problem (remember, stick to objective explanations – no feelings, no blame, no shame).


2. State what you need and expect.


3. Show the shared value in getting a good resolution.


4. Know your limits, and think about what you will do if the person you are asserting yourself to won’t work with you.

Towards the end of Chapter 3, I mentioned Simi, the HCA who was asked to set up a dressing trolley for a clinic. How could you assert yourself if she didn’t do as you asked?




1. State the problem: ‘Simi, the dressing trolley isn’t ready and clinic is going to start soon.’


2. State what you need and expect: ‘I asked you to have it ready, and it needs to be ready before clinic. Please do it now.’

Sometimes, you won’t need to go any further – the shared value might not need to be put into words. However, if it does, in the next step (step 3) you are clearly telling Simi that preparation of the trolley is important for the clinic by:


• showing the shared value in getting a good resolution


• knowing your limits, and think about what you will do if the person you are asserting yourself to won’t work with you.

So if after this the trolley still isn’t set up, you will need to go to stage 4. Before you delegated this task to Simi, you should have thought ahead for what would happen if the task was not carried out. In this case, let’s say you have to set up the trolley yourself.

You then have to go to Simi – and although it’s not pleasant, you have to say something. You repeat steps 1 and 2:

‘Simi, I asked you to prepare the dressing trolley. I told you that it needed to be done before clinic. I asked you in ample time and offered you help to get your other work done.’

Then you add step 3:

‘We all work together here, and I expect that if you were not able to get this done, you would have spoken to me, so we could work together. You are a competent, experienced HCA and I rely on you to support our team.’

Then you add step 4:

‘Simi, I am really disappointed in your work today. I’d like you to think about how we could have got through everything without the kinds of problem we have had today. Let’s meet next week and I’ll help you plan your day so you can get everything done.’

It’s important that you do this in the right way:


• with neutral, non-threatening body language


• with an even, soft tone to your voice


• with appropriate eye contact


• in private.

No one likes to be scolded or humiliated. If you assert yourself in a calm, appropriate way it makes it much more difficult for the other person to react badly.

It’s easier to handle the response you might get if you think about it in advance. In this case, you would need to know in advance what kinds of alternatives you were willing to accept. Planning for a ‘win–win’ scenario (where each side gets some benefit) is important in making a good assertive confrontation. Think: what are the end results that you would be willing to accept?

One important thing to remember when being assertive: don’t be passive–aggressive.

Passive–aggressive behaviour is what happens when people are afraid of being angry, so they show their anger in a way that doesn’t look angry. In the example above, you could have made a big dramatic show, complete with sulking, that you had to prepare the dressing trolley yourself. It won’t do your relationship with Simi any good, you would feel worse and everyone would think you were a drama queen. After a few satisfying moments of self pity, you are worse off than you were before.


People will react to confrontations in different ways, and they might act one way when really meaning something else. Perhaps Simi thought you wouldn’t want to confront her, so she decided to ignore your directions. Or perhaps she was too afraid to speak up and tell you how busy she was. Clear, open and honest communication is essential to good working relationships.

If you know Simi struggles to get things done, perhaps giving her a task without helping her plan her work might have been a bit unfair. On the other hand, if Simi knows that no-one will say anything, no matter how little she gets done, then she might be manipulating you. Don’t let yourself be manipulated or bullied. If you are being fair and reasonable, don’t be afraid to raise your concerns at a higher level.

Third important point: this is about how you are feeling.

Start statements with ‘I feel’, ‘I want’ and ‘I need’, not ‘you do’ this or ‘you make me’ that. Don’t put words in people’s mouths. Don’t say ‘we all …’ or ‘everyone thinks …’ . If you are the one asserting yourself then speak only for yourself unless you are there as a member of a group and the other members of the group have agreed that you speak for them. ‘Simi, you never do what I ask you’ isn’t the same as ‘Simi, I expected that you would get this done’.

Asserting yourself can be difficult, especially if you have been raised in a culture where it is not right to complain or it is wrong to speak up to people in authority. It takes practice. Find someone who is good at being assertive and ask him or her to help you. As you become more confident and experienced, it will become easier and more natural for you to be assertive.

Assertiveness is a powerful leadership trait and, as a nurse, it is essential to use assertiveness every day. You need it to delegate your work, to work with others and to challenge practice. If you are not being assertive, then you can’t use the power and authority of your role to provide the best care for patients.


ASSESSMENT AND NURSE VISION


In this picture you see the usual, average patient area. What does it look like? Close your eyes and try to imagine every little detail, like where the call bell is, where the water jug goes, what the over-bed table looks like.



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Imagine a patient in the bed. In a perfect world, how should it all go together? Where should it all be? How should the patient look? How is he or she dressed? How does he or she smell?


I want you to work hard on developing the ‘ideal’ patient environment in your head. Get every detail, and make it a picture you can’t forget. Now, whenever you are at work, try to keep the environment your patient is in as close to the ideal as possible. It doesn’t take an overwhelming amount of work. Just always think this way:

My patient should look better and feel better because I have been there.

Little things. If you work in a hospital, try to commit to the following:


• My patients will always have access to a way to call me for help, without having to reach or struggle.


• My patients will be dressed in an age-appropriate and dignified manner.


• My patients will be able to reach cold water to drink.


• My patients will look and smell clean and comfortable.

Imagine this:




When the physio comes back, she says ‘Oh Gertie, you’re drenched.’ She yells out ‘Can someone change Gertie so I can get her up?’. Two nurses whisk you to a loo and change you; they chat to each other but not to you. The only thing they say to you is ‘Oh Gertie, I wish you had called us – this is a pain to change you up.’ As if you enjoyed it.

The physio leaves without giving you any therapy, or any idea of when she will come back, because it took so long to get you ready. Your lunch arrives: creamed chicken, mashed potato and peas. Has anyone asked if you like chicken or peas? If they had they would know you certainly do not; they would also know you prefer coffee to tea. But, they shovel the food in, saltless and without giving you much chance to breathe in between bites. The mirror is still there. You watch the food drool from your chin to your jumper.

Then you see that you have no shoes on. Your old pointy toes dangle just above the floor, which has remnants of your lunch on it.

They leave you, as soon as you have eaten everything, with chicken stuck in your teeth and mash gumming up your dentures. And you need the loo again. Still no call light. You think to yourself ‘Here I go again’.


Why have I gone through all this? Same reason we spoke about the environment. Keep in mind your image of what a patient should look and smell like and try to help your patients meet this. They should be sitting straight up in the chair or bed, appropriately and neatly dressed, clean and tidy in appearance, comfortable and ready to face the day ahead.

How would you feel about yourself if you were Gertie? How would you feel about the nurses and staff? Is that the way you want your patients to feel?

In summary:


• Have an ideal image of the environment in which you nurse patients; keep your patients’ area in that state.


• Have an ideal image for your patients and help them be clean, appropriately dressed and attired, comfortable and dignified.


• Give people choice – about food, clothing, bath or shower – choice.


• Challenge others to do the same.


• Make sure each patient is better because you have been there.

Feb 15, 2017 | Posted by in NURSING | Comments Off on The art of nursing practice

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