Correct answer-C. Rationales: Both level I and level II trauma centers must have a trauma surgeon, trauma director, and staffed operating room available around the clock. Level III trauma centers are excused from the staffed operating room requirement. Level IV trauma centers are excused from all the above requirements.

Nursing process step: Intervention

Correct answer-B. Rationales: Ground vehicles have more space inside. However, helicopter transport has the advantages of having better radio communication with hospitals, traveling at faster speeds, and contending with fewer traffic and road factors.

Nursing process step: Evaluation

Correct answer-A. Rationales: A specially trained registered nurse is the primary member of all transport teams. The Emergency Nurses Association position statement holds that “clients should be transported at the same level of care needed within the hospital. If the client required specialized nursing care just before transport, he requires the same care during transport.”

Nursing process step: Intervention

Correct answer-B. Rationales: The transferring hospital is legally responsible for performing those treatment and diagnostic studies requested by the receiving facility. The referring physician is legally responsible for ensuring that tests and procedures are completed.

Nursing process step: Intervention

Correct answer-A. Rationales: Immediate access to definitive care is the hallmark of excellent trauma care. Although surgical coverage is desirable, only level IV trauma centers are excused from the requirement of around-the-clock coverage.

Nursing process step: Intervention

Correct answer-D. Rationales: Inflatable air splints can change internal pressure (immobilization effectiveness) and are, therefore, unacceptable for air transport or ground transport over mountainous terrain. They’re also subject to air leaks (decreasing pressure and immobilization effectiveness). Because there are other inexpensive alternatives for immobilization, air splints aren’t recommended for transfer. Plastic I.V. bags, pneumatic antishock garment, and Heimlich valves are all acceptable for interhospital transfers.

Nursing process step: Intervention

Correct answer-A. Rationales: Suturing superficial lacerations is time-consuming and can be delayed until the client is stable. All of the other interventions should be completed before transfer.

Nursing process step: Intervention