Range-of-Motion Exercises



Range-of-Motion Exercises









CHILD AND FAMILY ASSESSMENT AND PREPARATION



  • Review the child’s history for contraindications to ROM exercises, determining limitations of joint movement and impact on function. In cases of joint inflammation, dislocation, or fracture, ROM exercises may be contraindicated.


  • Review the child’s medical record to determine whether a specific ROM exercise plan has been provided in the interdisciplinary patient orders.


  • Explain to the child and family the purpose and the plan of ROM exercises.


  • Initiate pain control measures if needed 30 minutes before beginning ROM exercises.


  • Provide antispasmodic medications, if ordered, 30 minutes before beginning ROM exercises.




  • Provide for privacy.


  • Schedule ROM activities to coincide with routine care. An ideal time to do the exercise is during morning care or bath time. Include the child and the family in planning for ROM activities (e.g., when and where to perform).


  • Dress the child in nonrestrictive loose-fitting clothing.


  • Assess vital signs to provide a baseline for comparison if changes occur during the procedure.


  • Determine the baseline activity and condition for the child.


  • Observe the equality of movement of each joint. The movement of the joints should be equal bilaterally.


  • Note the condition of the the child’s joint that will undergo ROM. The joint should be free of pain, spastic movement, deformity, and crepitation. There should be no limitation of movement.









TABLE 95-1 Range-of-Motion Terminology



















































Movement


Definition


Use


Circumduction


Movement of the joint in a full circle


Used in movement of the shoulder


Hyperextension


Movement of the joint in the direction of extension beyond a straight line


Used in movement of the arms, legs, hands, and wrists


Flexion


The bending of the joint in which the two adjacent parts move toward each other, thus reducing the angle of the joint between two parts. Decreasing the angle between two bones


Used in the shoulder, elbow, knee, and finger joints


Extension


Movement increasing angle between two adjoining bones


Used in the shoulder, elbow, knee, and finger joints


Internal rotation


Turning away from the midline


Used in movement of the head from side to side


Abduction


Movement away from the midline of the body


Used in movement of the legs, arms, and fingers


Adduction


Movement toward the midline of the body


Used in movement of extremities; legs, arms, and fingers


Pronation


Turning the forearm so that the palmar surface of the hand is facing downward


Used in movement of the hand and wrist


Supination


Turning the forearm so that the palmar surface of the hand is facing upward


Used in movement of the hand and wrist


Deviation


Abduction or adduction of the wrist


Used in movement of the wrist


Opposition


Placement of the palmar surface of the thumb so that it touches the base of the fingers


Used in movement of the hand

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Jul 9, 2020 | Posted by in NURSING | Comments Off on Range-of-Motion Exercises

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