Macrolide Antibiotics



Macrolide Antibiotics





PREGNANCY CATEGORY B OR C


Therapeutic Actions

Macrolides are antibiotics. They are bacteriostatic or bactericidal in susceptible bacteria; they bind to cell membranes and cause changes in protein function, leading to bacterial cell death.


Indications



  • Treatment of acute infections caused by sensitive strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Listeria monocytogenes, Legionella pneumophila; URIs, lower respiratory tract infections, skin and soft-tissue infections caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci when oral treatment is preferred to injectable benzathine penicillin; PID caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae in patients allergic to penicillin; intestinal amebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica; infections in the newborn and in pregnancy that are caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and in adult chlamydial infections when tetracycline cannot be used; primary syphilis (Treponema pallidum) in penicillin-allergic patients; eliminating Bordetella pertussis organisms from the nasopharynx of infected individuals and as prophylaxis in exposed and susceptible individuals; superficial ocular infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms; prophylaxis of ophthalmia neonatorum caused by N. gonorrhoeae or C. trachomatis


  • Adjunct to antitoxin in infections caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium minutissimum


  • Prophylaxis against alpha-hemolytic streptococcal endocarditis before dental or other procedures in patients allergic to penicillin who have valvular heart disease and against infection in minor skin abrasions


  • Treatment of peptic ulcer disease caused by Helicobacter pylori, in conjunction with clarithromycin


  • Unlabeled uses: Treatment of severe diarrhea associated with Campylobacter enteritis or enterocolitis; treatment of genital, inguinal, or anorectal lymphogranuloma venereum infection; treatment of Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid); treatment of acne vulgaris and skin infections caused by sensitive microorganisms

Jul 20, 2016 | Posted by in NURSING | Comments Off on Macrolide Antibiotics

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