K Ketone bodies, blood Also called: Ketones Specimen or type of test: Serum, Plasma, Whole Blood Purpose of the test Serum ketone levels are measured to evaluate ketoacidosis in patients with diabetes mellitus and for patients with ketoacidosis due to alcoholism, starvation, or high-protein diets. For patients with ketoacidosis associated with diabetes mellitus, ketone levels may be used to determine insulin requirements. Basics the nurse needs to know Serum ketone levels may be measured to distinguish between diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma. With diabetic ketoacidosis, incomplete fatty acid metabolism leads to increasing ketones in the blood. Patients with hyperosmolar coma and extremely high levels of serum glucose produce minimal to no measurable ketones. The mechanism of maintaining nearly normal ketone levels in hyperosmolar coma is not known. It is theorized that these patients have sufficient insulin to break down fatty acids or are glucagon resistant. Without adequate insulin, three major ketone bodies accumulate in the blood: acetone, acetoacetate acid, and β-hydroxybutyric acid. REFERENCE VALUES Negative: <2 mg/dL or SI: <0.34 mmol/L as acetone or SI: <0.2 mmol/L as acetoacetate How the test is done Venipuncture is performed. Significance of test results Elevated values Alcoholic ketoacidosis Decreased caloric intake (dieting) Eclampsia Isopropanol poisoning Propranolol poisoning Starvation Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus Gierke’s disease Interfering factors • Hemolysis of specimen Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: F Specimen collection procedures S A Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Saunders Nursing Guide to Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests Feb 18, 2017 | Posted by admin in NURSING | Comments Off on K Full access? Get Clinical Tree
K Ketone bodies, blood Also called: Ketones Specimen or type of test: Serum, Plasma, Whole Blood Purpose of the test Serum ketone levels are measured to evaluate ketoacidosis in patients with diabetes mellitus and for patients with ketoacidosis due to alcoholism, starvation, or high-protein diets. For patients with ketoacidosis associated with diabetes mellitus, ketone levels may be used to determine insulin requirements. Basics the nurse needs to know Serum ketone levels may be measured to distinguish between diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma. With diabetic ketoacidosis, incomplete fatty acid metabolism leads to increasing ketones in the blood. Patients with hyperosmolar coma and extremely high levels of serum glucose produce minimal to no measurable ketones. The mechanism of maintaining nearly normal ketone levels in hyperosmolar coma is not known. It is theorized that these patients have sufficient insulin to break down fatty acids or are glucagon resistant. Without adequate insulin, three major ketone bodies accumulate in the blood: acetone, acetoacetate acid, and β-hydroxybutyric acid. REFERENCE VALUES Negative: <2 mg/dL or SI: <0.34 mmol/L as acetone or SI: <0.2 mmol/L as acetoacetate How the test is done Venipuncture is performed. Significance of test results Elevated values Alcoholic ketoacidosis Decreased caloric intake (dieting) Eclampsia Isopropanol poisoning Propranolol poisoning Starvation Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus Gierke’s disease Interfering factors • Hemolysis of specimen Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: F Specimen collection procedures S A Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Saunders Nursing Guide to Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests Feb 18, 2017 | Posted by admin in NURSING | Comments Off on K Full access? Get Clinical Tree
