Introduction

Introduction



Section contents



4. The nervous system 39

5. The ear 71

6. The eye 77

7. Endocrine glands 85


Section introduction


Everything that the body does, including homeostasis, is controlled by the nervous and endocrine systems, and often these work together to control the internal environment. The nervous system is highly complex and a detailed consideration of the anatomical organization of the brain and spinal cord, collectively known as the central nervous system, and its links to the internal organs and musculature of the body, via the peripheral nervous system, is given.


A particular section of the peripheral nervous system which is concerned with involuntary actions, the autonomic nervous system, is also considered. Sensory information is relayed to the nervous system by different means, and two principal sets of organs, the eyes and the ears, are covered in specific chapters.


In addition to nervous signals in the body, which involve a combination of chemical and electrical signals between nerves, there is a system that is mediated wholly by means of chemical signals in the blood. The chemicals are called hormones and the organs that secrete these are called endocrine organs. These are ultimately controlled by the brain and the system whereby these are regulated and the specific action of some important hormones, such as thyroxine, are described.

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Jul 18, 2016 | Posted by in NURSING | Comments Off on Introduction

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