Index Page numbers followed by ‘f’ denotes figures, ‘t’ denotes tables and ‘b’ denotes boxes. A accredited postgraduate programs, 5, 7, 8, 291 acrylic nails, 101, 107 active immunity, 104 active warming devices, 85, 132, 138, 145, 154, 216, 221 acupuncture therapy, 232, 233 adjunct drugs, 135, 146, 227 adrenaline, 173 administering, 148, 156, 157 advanced practice, 301–303 certificate for, 304 adverse events in hospital study, 276 airborne-transmitted diseases, 110 air-conditioning systems, 54 airway assessment, 130–131, 138, 218–220 airway, breathing and colour (ABC), 218, 219, 220 Mallampati assessment with pharyngeal classification, 131f, 143 airway obstruction, 222t airways anatomy of upper airway, 140f artificial, 138 dealing with difficult, 146 intubation, 141–146 laryngeal mask airway (LMA), 140–141 paediatric-sized equipment, 235 Aldrete scoring system, 235, 237t allergic contact dermatitis, 62 allergies and sensitivities, 36, 132, 250 allergy bands, 253 ambulatory surgery, 237, 243, 245 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), 24–25 physical status classification system, 25t, 131, 248 anaesthesia adverse reactions, 156–158 awareness under, 146 differences between subarachnoid and epidural, 149t emergence, 146–147 local, 147–149 complications, 148 local infiltration, 150, 229, 247 maintaining, 146 other types of, 147 paediatric, 159 patient evaluations, 250 regional blocks, 150–151 regional blocks, continuous, 230 spinal, 108, 147, 148–149, 231–232 technological advancements, 247 total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA), 158, 247 anaesthesia planes, 133t anaesthetic agents, 137, 146, 157, 244, 247 effects on cardiovascular system, 75–76 effects on nervous system, 75, 84 side-effects of, 130, 157, 220, 221, 225 anaesthetic assistants, 145 anaesthetic drugs, 147–148, 233 anaesthetic face masks, 138, 140 anaesthetic machine, 139f, 149 preoperative ANZCA guidelines, 137–138 anaesthetic nurses, 60, 131 acute malignant hyperthermia management, 158 advanced practice, 302 anaphylaxis resuscitation, 156 direct laryngoscopy techniques, 144 ECG equipment, 152 intubation equipment checks, 143–144 local anaesthesia, 149 patient monitoring, 150 role overlaps, 6–7 role responsibilities, 5b, 72 anaesthetic overdose, 133t anaesthetic rooms, 50 anaesthetics, types of, 132–137 anaesthetist patient handover, 218 role responsibilities, 72, 217, 250 analgesia, 132, 147, 218, 226, 228–229 side-effects of, 227 stages of, 133t analgesic drugs, 136, 227, 229, 232 anaphylaxis, 156 ancillary workers, 300–301 antianginal medications, 37 antiarrhythmic medications, 37 anticoagulant medications, 37 anticonvulsant medications, 37 anti-embolism stockings, 40 antiemetic drugs, 136t, 146, 247 use in postoperative period, 137 antihypertensive medications, 37 antimicrobial agents, 101, 103, 109, 114, 116, 117 antimuscarinic drugs, 137 anxiety-reduction interventions, 132 aqueous scrub solutions, 114 argon-enhanced electrosurgery, 57 arrhythmias, 151, 158 artery clamps, 195–196 asepsis practices, 111–112, 120 techniques, 104, 120, 149 aspiration, 145, 157, 222t, 233 assisted gloving, 116 atelectasis, 157, 222t atraumatic instruments, 194, 196, 199, 200 atraumatic needles, 197, 199, 200, 206 double armed, 200 single armed, 200 Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA), 5, 22, 36, 250 Australian and New Zealand Standards, 253, 256 Australian College of Operating Room Nurses (ACORN), 266, 290, 301 perioperative environment classifications, 49–53 standards of practice, 297–299 workplace bullying and harassment, 13 Australian Commission for Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC), 275–276, 278 Australian Day Surgery Council (ADSC), 243, 245, 257 Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council (ANMC), 263, 289, 304 competency standards, 297 Continuing Competence Framework, 292 defining accountability, 264b scope of practice framework, 265–266 Australian preoperative checklist, 34f axillary thermometers, 220 B bacteria, 100–101, 103 enterococci, 101 Gram-positive cocci, 100 Gram-positive rods, 101 benzodiazepines, 135t short-acting, 147, 150, 224, 253 bereavement counselling, 273 bioburden, 119, 123 biochemical mediator release, 165–166 biocides, 256 bioterrorism, 100, 105 bipolar diathermy, 38, 56f bipolar diathermy haemostasis, 173f bispectral index (BIS), 146 blood patch, 148 blood testing, 27 blood transfusions, 155–156 acute transfusion reactions, 156 body piercings, 38 bolus doses, 228, 229, 230 bone wax, 171 bone-cutting instruments, 194 bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), 102 See also mad cow disease bradycardia, 137 bronchodilators, 156 bronchospasm, 157, 222t, 224 burns patients, 54 inadvertent hypothermia, 84, 153 C Candida albicans, 101 cannulas, 71, 133, 155, 208, 209–210 capnography, 153 caring roles, 3–4 dialectic between caring and technical roles, 4b catheters epidural catheters, 231 pulmonary artery, 153 urinary, 182 cavitation process, 119 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 31, 32, 105 classification of surgical wounds, 169b central nerve blocks, 147–149 spinal curvature for insertion, 150f central venous pressure (CVP) catheter, 152–153 complications, 153 chemical safety, 66 chemotherapy patients, 104 tension sutures, 191 chest X-ray examinations, 26, 152 chickenpox, 110 chlorhexidine solution, 32, 109, 114, 117 circulating nurses, 5, 60, 155 documentation keeping, 273 negligence cases, 270 role overlaps, 6 role responsibilities, 6b, 57 specimen handling, 275 specimen verification, 190 sterile items, handling guidelines, 112f supporting surgical teams, 189 surgical count, 89 tourniquets usage, 87 wound dressings, 181 clamps, 171, 191, 192 artery, 195–196 bowel, 196 crushing, 196 non-crushing, 196 ring-handled, 192f cleaning metal instruments, 119 cleaning reusable instruments standards, 118–119 cleaning specialised instruments, 119 closed cart system, 49, 51 closed gloving, 115–116 closed-drainage systems, 182 clostridia, 101 cochlear implants, 38 Cochrane Collaboration, 299 code of ethics, 294 College of Nursing, 287, 291 advanced practice certificate courses, 304 colonoscopy, 147, 246, 247, 249, 250 bowel preparation assessment, 253 communication skills, 3 dynamics in surgery, 14b failures in, 15b team, 14–15 comorbidities management, 21–22, 147, 152, 214, 235 compartment syndrome, 77 Consent/Agreement to Treatment forms, 10, 27, 33, 37, 249 continuing education providers, 287 continuous opioid infusions, 229 coroners courts, 271–272 ‘correct patient, correct site, correct procedure’ protocol, 278–279 count sheets, 89–90, 270, 273, 274 conventional air system, 54 Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), 102 sterilising instruments contaminated by, 124 cultural competence, 9 See also cultural safety cultural safety, 8–11 tenets of safety model, 11b curare, 137 curettes, 194 cytotoxic agents, 66 D day surgeries accreditation process, 257, 258 Australia’s first purpose-built, 244 booklet for general information, 251b caregiver information, 253b common procedures in, 246 defining, 243 discharge checklist, 254t follow-up telephone calls, 255 historical development of, 243–244 inpatient referrals, 248 instructions and procedures information, 251–252b intraoperative care guidelines, 253–255 lack of governmental support, 244–245 legislative policies, 258 national activity rates 2005–6, 245t operation activity rates, 244–245 patient assessment and selection, 248 patient education, 250–251 patients’ expectations of, 247–248 patients’ suitability for anaesthesia, 250 percentage completed cases by country, 246t postoperative patient care guidelines, 254–255 procedure-specific information, 252b risk management, 255–257 role in future, 258 systematic reviews, 245b debridement, 167, 168, 178, 180 sharp, 170 decontaminating reusable instruments standards, 118–119 decontamination process, 119 dedicated operating rooms, 51–52 ‘dedicated stream’ rotation models, 288, 289 deep vein thrombosis, 38–39, 93 dermatomes, 194 diabetic patients, 37–38, 234, 249 diagnosis-and-treatment models, 15 diathermy machines, 56–57 fire hazards, 62 direct laryngoscopy, 144–146 backwards, upwards rightwards pressure (BURP), 145–146 rapid sequence induction, 144–145 disinfection processes, 125 documentation errors, 90, 273–274 errors in counting, 274b double gloving, 110, 115, 300 drains, 87, 181–183 abdominal drains study, 181b active, 182 haemovac, 182 passive, 182 prophylactic, 181–182 types of tubes, 183f drapes, 117–118 contain and confine approach, 118 reusable linen, 117 synthetic single-use linen, 117 dressings, 178–181 bolster/tie-over, 180 closed-system, 181 dry sterile, 179 one layer, 178 pressure, 180 skin closure (island), 179 stent, 180 three layer, 180 vacuum-assisted, 181 wet-to-dry, 180 wet-to-wet, 180 E elderly patients, 71, 93 colonoscopy considerations, 250 inadvertent hypothermia, 84 opioids pain relief, 228 tension sutures, 191 electrical safety procedures, 55–56 electrocardiography (ECG), 55, 220 analysis, 151–152 five-lead, 152 preoperative, 26–27 three-lead, 152 electrocution from equipment, 55–56 electrolytes, 154–155 extracellular, 154 imbalance, 151, 253 intracellular, 154 normal values, 154t serum electrolytes imbalance, 154 electronic health records (EHR), 274 electronic intraoperative care plans, 274 electrosurgery, hazards, 57–58 electrosurgical unit (ESU), 38, 56–57, 173–174 See also diathermy machines safety procedures, 57 embolisation, 174 endoclips, 208 endogenous infections, 103 endoloops, 208–209 endoscopes, 210–211 cold light See fibreoptic light double-balloon, 246 fibreoptic light, 209 fibrescope, 243 flexible, 210, 246, 255, 256 ingestible capsules, 246 rigid, 210 sterilisation techniques, 119, 123 types of, 210t endoscopic instruments, 208–209, 253 documentation of sterilisation, 256 specialised care of, 255–256 endoscopic minimally invasive surgery, 206–211 endoscopic specimen bag, 211 endoscopic stapling devices, 209 endoscopic surgery camera set-up for, 210f patient education, 247–248, 249 public hospitals, 253 endoscopist nurses, 257, 258 endoscopy emerging nursing roles within, 257–258 flexible, 243 technology, 59–60, 246 endotracheal tubes (ETT), 140 correct position, 145f, 157 Murphy eye, 143 Ring-Adair-Elwyn (RAE) tubes, 143 endovascular operating rooms, 52 See also interventional operating rooms enrolled nurse (EN), 287 advanced practice, 303–304 competency standards, 297–299 educational pathway, 267b, 289 medication administration, 303, 304 Perioperative Education Program for ENs (PEPEN), 304 role responsibilities, 33 scope of practice, 5, 6, 8, 289 environmentally controlled units, 46–48, 66 enzymatic cleaners, 66, 119, 123, 256 epidural anaesthesia, 108, 147, 148, 230–231 advantages of, 231 ineligible patients, 148–149 location of needle points, 148f epithelialisation, 167, 168 Esmarch’s rubber bandage, 86 evidence-based practice, 299–300 exogenous infections, 103 F face-to-face interviews, 248, 249 fasting, 30, 249, 253 times, 36–37, 131–132, 235 unknown times, 143, 145 fibrin glue, 173, 177, 178b fibroblasts, 166 fire and explosion in operating rooms, 61–62 New Zealand case, 62b first surgical assistants, 6 fluid balance, 154–155 complications from imbalance, 155 overload symptoms, 155 fluid-resistant face masks, 107–108 forceps, 56, 144, 194f artery, 89, 171, 189, 192 bone-holding, 194 dissecting/tissue forceps, 194–195 non-toothed, 194 ring-handled, 195 toothed, 194 types of, 194f haemostat, 171, 192 non-toothed, 189 sponge-holding, 194, 195 toothed, 189 Fowler’s/semi-Fowler’s positions, 83–84 fracture table position, 83 illustration, 84f friction injuries, 74 fungi, 101, 103 Only gold members can continue reading. 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Index Page numbers followed by ‘f’ denotes figures, ‘t’ denotes tables and ‘b’ denotes boxes. A accredited postgraduate programs, 5, 7, 8, 291 acrylic nails, 101, 107 active immunity, 104 active warming devices, 85, 132, 138, 145, 154, 216, 221 acupuncture therapy, 232, 233 adjunct drugs, 135, 146, 227 adrenaline, 173 administering, 148, 156, 157 advanced practice, 301–303 certificate for, 304 adverse events in hospital study, 276 airborne-transmitted diseases, 110 air-conditioning systems, 54 airway assessment, 130–131, 138, 218–220 airway, breathing and colour (ABC), 218, 219, 220 Mallampati assessment with pharyngeal classification, 131f, 143 airway obstruction, 222t airways anatomy of upper airway, 140f artificial, 138 dealing with difficult, 146 intubation, 141–146 laryngeal mask airway (LMA), 140–141 paediatric-sized equipment, 235 Aldrete scoring system, 235, 237t allergic contact dermatitis, 62 allergies and sensitivities, 36, 132, 250 allergy bands, 253 ambulatory surgery, 237, 243, 245 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), 24–25 physical status classification system, 25t, 131, 248 anaesthesia adverse reactions, 156–158 awareness under, 146 differences between subarachnoid and epidural, 149t emergence, 146–147 local, 147–149 complications, 148 local infiltration, 150, 229, 247 maintaining, 146 other types of, 147 paediatric, 159 patient evaluations, 250 regional blocks, 150–151 regional blocks, continuous, 230 spinal, 108, 147, 148–149, 231–232 technological advancements, 247 total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA), 158, 247 anaesthesia planes, 133t anaesthetic agents, 137, 146, 157, 244, 247 effects on cardiovascular system, 75–76 effects on nervous system, 75, 84 side-effects of, 130, 157, 220, 221, 225 anaesthetic assistants, 145 anaesthetic drugs, 147–148, 233 anaesthetic face masks, 138, 140 anaesthetic machine, 139f, 149 preoperative ANZCA guidelines, 137–138 anaesthetic nurses, 60, 131 acute malignant hyperthermia management, 158 advanced practice, 302 anaphylaxis resuscitation, 156 direct laryngoscopy techniques, 144 ECG equipment, 152 intubation equipment checks, 143–144 local anaesthesia, 149 patient monitoring, 150 role overlaps, 6–7 role responsibilities, 5b, 72 anaesthetic overdose, 133t anaesthetic rooms, 50 anaesthetics, types of, 132–137 anaesthetist patient handover, 218 role responsibilities, 72, 217, 250 analgesia, 132, 147, 218, 226, 228–229 side-effects of, 227 stages of, 133t analgesic drugs, 136, 227, 229, 232 anaphylaxis, 156 ancillary workers, 300–301 antianginal medications, 37 antiarrhythmic medications, 37 anticoagulant medications, 37 anticonvulsant medications, 37 anti-embolism stockings, 40 antiemetic drugs, 136t, 146, 247 use in postoperative period, 137 antihypertensive medications, 37 antimicrobial agents, 101, 103, 109, 114, 116, 117 antimuscarinic drugs, 137 anxiety-reduction interventions, 132 aqueous scrub solutions, 114 argon-enhanced electrosurgery, 57 arrhythmias, 151, 158 artery clamps, 195–196 asepsis practices, 111–112, 120 techniques, 104, 120, 149 aspiration, 145, 157, 222t, 233 assisted gloving, 116 atelectasis, 157, 222t atraumatic instruments, 194, 196, 199, 200 atraumatic needles, 197, 199, 200, 206 double armed, 200 single armed, 200 Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA), 5, 22, 36, 250 Australian and New Zealand Standards, 253, 256 Australian College of Operating Room Nurses (ACORN), 266, 290, 301 perioperative environment classifications, 49–53 standards of practice, 297–299 workplace bullying and harassment, 13 Australian Commission for Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC), 275–276, 278 Australian Day Surgery Council (ADSC), 243, 245, 257 Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council (ANMC), 263, 289, 304 competency standards, 297 Continuing Competence Framework, 292 defining accountability, 264b scope of practice framework, 265–266 Australian preoperative checklist, 34f axillary thermometers, 220 B bacteria, 100–101, 103 enterococci, 101 Gram-positive cocci, 100 Gram-positive rods, 101 benzodiazepines, 135t short-acting, 147, 150, 224, 253 bereavement counselling, 273 bioburden, 119, 123 biochemical mediator release, 165–166 biocides, 256 bioterrorism, 100, 105 bipolar diathermy, 38, 56f bipolar diathermy haemostasis, 173f bispectral index (BIS), 146 blood patch, 148 blood testing, 27 blood transfusions, 155–156 acute transfusion reactions, 156 body piercings, 38 bolus doses, 228, 229, 230 bone wax, 171 bone-cutting instruments, 194 bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), 102 See also mad cow disease bradycardia, 137 bronchodilators, 156 bronchospasm, 157, 222t, 224 burns patients, 54 inadvertent hypothermia, 84, 153 C Candida albicans, 101 cannulas, 71, 133, 155, 208, 209–210 capnography, 153 caring roles, 3–4 dialectic between caring and technical roles, 4b catheters epidural catheters, 231 pulmonary artery, 153 urinary, 182 cavitation process, 119 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 31, 32, 105 classification of surgical wounds, 169b central nerve blocks, 147–149 spinal curvature for insertion, 150f central venous pressure (CVP) catheter, 152–153 complications, 153 chemical safety, 66 chemotherapy patients, 104 tension sutures, 191 chest X-ray examinations, 26, 152 chickenpox, 110 chlorhexidine solution, 32, 109, 114, 117 circulating nurses, 5, 60, 155 documentation keeping, 273 negligence cases, 270 role overlaps, 6 role responsibilities, 6b, 57 specimen handling, 275 specimen verification, 190 sterile items, handling guidelines, 112f supporting surgical teams, 189 surgical count, 89 tourniquets usage, 87 wound dressings, 181 clamps, 171, 191, 192 artery, 195–196 bowel, 196 crushing, 196 non-crushing, 196 ring-handled, 192f cleaning metal instruments, 119 cleaning reusable instruments standards, 118–119 cleaning specialised instruments, 119 closed cart system, 49, 51 closed gloving, 115–116 closed-drainage systems, 182 clostridia, 101 cochlear implants, 38 Cochrane Collaboration, 299 code of ethics, 294 College of Nursing, 287, 291 advanced practice certificate courses, 304 colonoscopy, 147, 246, 247, 249, 250 bowel preparation assessment, 253 communication skills, 3 dynamics in surgery, 14b failures in, 15b team, 14–15 comorbidities management, 21–22, 147, 152, 214, 235 compartment syndrome, 77 Consent/Agreement to Treatment forms, 10, 27, 33, 37, 249 continuing education providers, 287 continuous opioid infusions, 229 coroners courts, 271–272 ‘correct patient, correct site, correct procedure’ protocol, 278–279 count sheets, 89–90, 270, 273, 274 conventional air system, 54 Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), 102 sterilising instruments contaminated by, 124 cultural competence, 9 See also cultural safety cultural safety, 8–11 tenets of safety model, 11b curare, 137 curettes, 194 cytotoxic agents, 66 D day surgeries accreditation process, 257, 258 Australia’s first purpose-built, 244 booklet for general information, 251b caregiver information, 253b common procedures in, 246 defining, 243 discharge checklist, 254t follow-up telephone calls, 255 historical development of, 243–244 inpatient referrals, 248 instructions and procedures information, 251–252b intraoperative care guidelines, 253–255 lack of governmental support, 244–245 legislative policies, 258 national activity rates 2005–6, 245t operation activity rates, 244–245 patient assessment and selection, 248 patient education, 250–251 patients’ expectations of, 247–248 patients’ suitability for anaesthesia, 250 percentage completed cases by country, 246t postoperative patient care guidelines, 254–255 procedure-specific information, 252b risk management, 255–257 role in future, 258 systematic reviews, 245b debridement, 167, 168, 178, 180 sharp, 170 decontaminating reusable instruments standards, 118–119 decontamination process, 119 dedicated operating rooms, 51–52 ‘dedicated stream’ rotation models, 288, 289 deep vein thrombosis, 38–39, 93 dermatomes, 194 diabetic patients, 37–38, 234, 249 diagnosis-and-treatment models, 15 diathermy machines, 56–57 fire hazards, 62 direct laryngoscopy, 144–146 backwards, upwards rightwards pressure (BURP), 145–146 rapid sequence induction, 144–145 disinfection processes, 125 documentation errors, 90, 273–274 errors in counting, 274b double gloving, 110, 115, 300 drains, 87, 181–183 abdominal drains study, 181b active, 182 haemovac, 182 passive, 182 prophylactic, 181–182 types of tubes, 183f drapes, 117–118 contain and confine approach, 118 reusable linen, 117 synthetic single-use linen, 117 dressings, 178–181 bolster/tie-over, 180 closed-system, 181 dry sterile, 179 one layer, 178 pressure, 180 skin closure (island), 179 stent, 180 three layer, 180 vacuum-assisted, 181 wet-to-dry, 180 wet-to-wet, 180 E elderly patients, 71, 93 colonoscopy considerations, 250 inadvertent hypothermia, 84 opioids pain relief, 228 tension sutures, 191 electrical safety procedures, 55–56 electrocardiography (ECG), 55, 220 analysis, 151–152 five-lead, 152 preoperative, 26–27 three-lead, 152 electrocution from equipment, 55–56 electrolytes, 154–155 extracellular, 154 imbalance, 151, 253 intracellular, 154 normal values, 154t serum electrolytes imbalance, 154 electronic health records (EHR), 274 electronic intraoperative care plans, 274 electrosurgery, hazards, 57–58 electrosurgical unit (ESU), 38, 56–57, 173–174 See also diathermy machines safety procedures, 57 embolisation, 174 endoclips, 208 endogenous infections, 103 endoloops, 208–209 endoscopes, 210–211 cold light See fibreoptic light double-balloon, 246 fibreoptic light, 209 fibrescope, 243 flexible, 210, 246, 255, 256 ingestible capsules, 246 rigid, 210 sterilisation techniques, 119, 123 types of, 210t endoscopic instruments, 208–209, 253 documentation of sterilisation, 256 specialised care of, 255–256 endoscopic minimally invasive surgery, 206–211 endoscopic specimen bag, 211 endoscopic stapling devices, 209 endoscopic surgery camera set-up for, 210f patient education, 247–248, 249 public hospitals, 253 endoscopist nurses, 257, 258 endoscopy emerging nursing roles within, 257–258 flexible, 243 technology, 59–60, 246 endotracheal tubes (ETT), 140 correct position, 145f, 157 Murphy eye, 143 Ring-Adair-Elwyn (RAE) tubes, 143 endovascular operating rooms, 52 See also interventional operating rooms enrolled nurse (EN), 287 advanced practice, 303–304 competency standards, 297–299 educational pathway, 267b, 289 medication administration, 303, 304 Perioperative Education Program for ENs (PEPEN), 304 role responsibilities, 33 scope of practice, 5, 6, 8, 289 environmentally controlled units, 46–48, 66 enzymatic cleaners, 66, 119, 123, 256 epidural anaesthesia, 108, 147, 148, 230–231 advantages of, 231 ineligible patients, 148–149 location of needle points, 148f epithelialisation, 167, 168 Esmarch’s rubber bandage, 86 evidence-based practice, 299–300 exogenous infections, 103 F face-to-face interviews, 248, 249 fasting, 30, 249, 253 times, 36–37, 131–132, 235 unknown times, 143, 145 fibrin glue, 173, 177, 178b fibroblasts, 166 fire and explosion in operating rooms, 61–62 New Zealand case, 62b first surgical assistants, 6 fluid balance, 154–155 complications from imbalance, 155 overload symptoms, 155 fluid-resistant face masks, 107–108 forceps, 56, 144, 194f artery, 89, 171, 189, 192 bone-holding, 194 dissecting/tissue forceps, 194–195 non-toothed, 194 ring-handled, 195 toothed, 194 types of, 194f haemostat, 171, 192 non-toothed, 189 sponge-holding, 194, 195 toothed, 189 Fowler’s/semi-Fowler’s positions, 83–84 fracture table position, 83 illustration, 84f friction injuries, 74 fungi, 101, 103 Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: Page Contributors Medicolegal aspects of perioperative nursing practice Surgical intervention Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Perioperative Nursing An Introductory Text Feb 9, 2017 | Posted by admin in NURSING | Comments Off on Index Full access? Get Clinical Tree
