Dolasetron Mesylate(doe laz’ e tron)
Anzemet
PREGNANCY CATEGORY B
Drug Classes
Antiemetic
Serotonin receptor blocker
Therapeutic Actions
Selectively binds to serotonin receptors in the CTZ, blocking the nausea and vomiting caused by the release of serotonin by mucosal cells during chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or surgical invasion (an action that stimulates the CTZ and causes nausea and vomiting).
Indications
Prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with emetogenic chemotherapy (oral only)
Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting
Injection only: Treatment and prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting
Unlabeled use: Treatment and prevention of radiation therapy–induced nausea and vomiting
Contraindications and Cautions
Contraindicated with allergy to dolasetron or any of its components; markedly prolonged QTc interval, second- or third-degree AV block.
Use cautiously in any patient at risk of developing prolongation of cardiac conduction intervals, especially QT interval (congenital QT syndrome, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia), pregnancy, lactation.
Available Forms
Tablets—50, 100 mg; injection—12.5 mg/0.625 mL, 20 mg/mL
Dosages
Adults
100 mg PO within 1 hr before chemotherapy or within 2 hr before surgery. For prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting, 12.5 mg IV about 15 min before stopping anesthesia. For treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting, 12.5 mg IV as soon as needed.
Pediatric patients 2–16 yr
1.8 mg/kg PO using tablets or injection diluted in apple or apple-grape juice within 1 hr before chemotherapy; for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting, 1.2 mg/kg PO using tablets or injection diluted in apple or apple-grape juice within 2 hr before surgery; 0.35 mg/kg IV about 15 min before stopping anesthesia to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting; 0.35 mg/kg IV as soon as needed to treat postoperative nausea and vomiting; up to a maximum of 12.5 mg per dose.
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