Divorce

Children of divorced parents face multiple transitions in their lives and many adjustments in their reaction to parental divorce.
In their adjustment to their parents’ divorce, children frequently encounter a range of problems.
The divorce rate has remained stable but high in the United States.
Divorce encompasses a range of problems, many of which involve children.
TERMS
Marriage transition
Reconciliation fantasies
The changes and stresses associated with divorce typically cause multiple problems for all concerned—children, mothers, and fathers. Today, approximately 50% of all first marriages and 62% of remarriages in the United States end in divorce. Sixty percent of the divorces in the United States involve children, which has serious consequences for the children’s developmental change: Childhood is different, adolescence is different, and adulthood is different. As a result, there has slowly emerged an agreement that divorce has long-term effects.

Children of divorce and separation face multiple transitions in their lives. They experience the shock of the initial separation and often a move to new living conditions—new housing, new school, new friends. Simultaneously, they typically are involved in a visitation schedule, perhaps one weekend per month, with the separated parent. Given that most divorced adults remarry, this cycle is then repeated: the transition to another new home, a strange adult, any children of the new adult, and new adjustments to schools, teachers, and friends. Children from divorced and remarried families tend to exhibit more behavioral problems and are less academically, socially, and psychologically well adjusted than those in nondivorced families. Nevertheless, 70% to 80% of children from divorced families do not show severe or enduring problems in their reactions to their parents’ marital changes and develop as reasonably competent and well-adjusted individuals. Table 38-1 provides data on the living arrangements of children younger than 18 years old.
Table 38-1 Living Arrangements of Children Under 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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