Chlorothiazide(klor oh thye’ a zide)
Diuril
Chlorothiazide Sodium
PREGNANCY CATEGORY C
Drug Classes
Thiazide diuretic
Therapeutic Actions
Inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in distal renal tubule, increasing the excretion of sodium, chloride, and water by the kidneys.
Indications
Adjunctive therapy in edema associated with heart failure, cirrhosis, corticosteroid, and estrogen therapy, renal impairment
Treatment of hypertension, alone or with other antihypertensives
Unlabeled uses: Treatment of diabetes insipidus, especially nephrogenic diabetes insipidus; reduction of incidence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, calcium nephrolithiasis
Contraindications and Cautions
Contraindicated with anuria, renal failure, allergy to thiazide diuretics or other sulfonamide drugs, hepatic coma.
Use cautiously with fluid or electrolyte imbalances, renal or liver disease, gout, SLE, glucose tolerance abnormalities, hyperparathyroidism, bipolar disorder, lactation, pregnancy.
Available Forms
Tablets—250, 500 mg; oral suspension—250 mg/5 mL; powder for injection—500 mg
Dosages
Note: Dosage should be individualized according to patient response, and the lowest possible dose should be used.
Adults
Edema: 0.5–2 g daily PO or IV (if patient unable to take PO), daily in one or two doses.
Hypertension: 0.5–2 g/day PO as a single or divided dose; adjust dosage to BP response, giving up to 2 g/day in divided doses. IV use is not recommended.
Pediatric patients
10–20 mg/kg/day PO in a single dose or two doses.
Pediatric patients 2–12 yr
375 mg–1 g PO in two divided doses.
Pediatric patients 2 yr or younger
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