CHAPTER 38 Orthopedics is surgery on the skeletal system. The variety of procedures that may be performed are too numerous to be included in this book. 1. Chisels are used to shape bone. They come in several widths and require the use of a mallet. Hoke and Hibbs chisels are two that are used commonly. 2. Periosteal elevators are used for removing periosteum. They too require the use of a mallet. Key and Langenbeck elevators are commonly used. 3. Bone curettes are used to scrape and shape bone. They are available in several cup sizes. Spratt and Cobb curettes are commonly used. 4. Rongeurs, used to shape bone, include Luer, Kerrison, Adson, and Smith-Petersen rongeurs. 5. Bone cutters are used to cut bone for removal. They include Ruskin-Liston and Horsley bone cutters. 6. Bone clamps are used to stabilize the long bones during fixation. They include Lowman and Kern clamps. 7. Retractors are used for visualization and sometimes for supporting structures during surgery. There are, among others, Hibbs, Taylor, Doane, and Bennett retractors. 8. Rasps are used to smooth the bone or to ream the shaft of a long bone for implantation. They include Putti, Aufricht, Wiener, and Lewis rasps. 9. Gouges are used for removing large pieces of bone. They are used with a mallet and include such names as Smith-Petersen, Hibbs, and Cobb. 10. Bone hooks are used to stabilize bone. 11. Bone forceps such as the Joplin forceps are used to hold bone. 12. Mallets are used with chisels, periosteal elevators, gouges, impactors, and osteotomes. Some mallets are the Lucae, Mead, Heath, and Kirk mallets. 13. Osteotomes are used to shape bone and are used with a mallet. Cottle and Converse are the names of two osteotomes.
Basic Orthopedic Surgery
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