SulfADIAZINE(sul fa dye’ a zeen)
PREGNANCY CATEGORY C
PREGNANCY CATEGORY D (LABOR AND DELIVERY)
Drug Classes
Antibiotic
Sulfonamide
Therapeutic Actions
Bacteriostatic: Competitively antagonizes PABA, an essential component of folic acid synthesis in gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria; prevents cell replication.
Indications
Treatment of acute infections caused by susceptible organisms: UTIs, chancroid, inclusion conjunctivitis, trachoma, nocardiosis, toxoplasmosis (with pyrimethamine), malaria (as adjunctive therapy for chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum), acute otitis media (due to Haemophilus influenzae when used with penicillin or erythromycin), H. influenzae meningitis (as adjunctive therapy with parenteral streptomycin), meningococcal meningitis, rheumatic fever
Orphan drug use: With pyrimethamine for treatment of Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis in patients with AIDS
Contraindications and Cautions
Contraindicated with allergy to sulfonamides, sulfonylureas, thiazides; pregnancy (teratogenic; may cause kernicterus); lactation (risk of kernicterus, diarrhea, rash).
Use cautiously with impaired renal or hepatic function, G6PD deficiency, porphyria.
Available Forms
Tablets—500 mg
Dosages
Adults
Loading dose, 2–4 g PO. Maintenance, 2–4 g/day PO in three to six divided doses.
Prevention of recurrent attacks of rheumatic fever (not for initial therapy of streptococcal infections):
Weight less than 30 kg: 0.5 g/day PO.
Weight more than 30 kg: 1 g/day PO.
Toxoplasmosis: 1–1.5 g PO qid in combination with pyrimethamine for 3–4 wk.
For suppressive or maintenance therapy in HIV patients: 0.5–1 g every 6 hr PO with oral pyrimethamine and leucovorin.
Pediatric patients
Younger than 2 mo: Not recommended except to treat congenital toxoplasmosis.
Older than 2 mo: Initial dose, 75 mg/kg PO. Maintenance, 150 mg/kg/day PO in four to six divided doses with a maximum dose of 6 g/day.
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