Pyloric stenosis
Description
Hyperplasia (increased mass) and hypertrophy (increased size) of the circular and longitudinal muscle layers at the pylorus, which narrows the pyloric canal (see Understanding pyloric stenosis, page 176)
Most commonly seen in male infants between ages 1 and 6 months
Pathophysiology
The passageway between the stomach and the duodenum is narrowed.
Swelling and inflammation further reduce the size of the lumen, possibly resulting in complete obstruction; thus, normal emptying of the stomach is prevented.
Understanding pyloric stenosisIn pyloric stenosis, hyperplasia (increased mass) and hypertrophy (increased size) of the circular and longitudinal muscle layers at the pylorus (the lower opening of the stomach leading into the duodenum) prevent the stomach from emptying normally.
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