Prochlorperazine



Prochlorperazine





(proe klor per’ a zeen)


Prochlorperazine

Compro


Prochlorperazine Edisylate



Prochlorperazine Maleate

Procomp

PREGNANCY CATEGORY C


Drug Classes

Antiemetic

Antipsychotic

Anxiolytic

Dopaminergic blocker

Phenothiazine (piperazine)


Therapeutic Actions

Mechanism of action not fully understood: Antipsychotics block postsynaptic dopamine receptors in the brain, but this may not be necessary and sufficient for antipsychotic activity; depresses the RAS, including the parts of the brain involved with wakefulness and emesis; anticholinergic, antihistaminic (H1), and alpha-adrenergic blocking activity also may contribute to some of its therapeutic (and adverse) actions.


Indications



  • Management of manifestations of psychotic disorders


  • Control of severe nausea and vomiting


  • Short-term treatment of nonpsychotic anxiety (not drug of choice)



Available Forms

Tablets—5, 10, 25 mg; suppositories—25 mg; injection—5 mg/mL


Dosages

Adults



  • Psychotic disturbances: Initially, 5–10 mg PO tid or qid. Gradually increase dosage every 2–3 days as needed up to 50–75 mg/day for mild or moderate disturbances, 100–150 mg/day for more severe disturbances. For immediate control of severely disturbed adults, 10–20 mg IM repeated every 2–4 hr (every hour for resistant cases); switch to oral therapy as soon as possible.


  • Antiemetic: For control of severe nausea and vomiting, 5–10 mg PO tid–qid; 15 mg (SR) on arising; 25 mg rectally bid; or 5–10 mg IM initially, repeated every 3–4 hr up to 40 mg/day.



  • Nausea, vomiting related to surgery: 5–10 mg IM 1–2 hr before anesthesia or during and after surgery (may repeat once in 30 min); 5–10 mg IV 15 min before anesthesia or during and after surgery (may repeat once); or as IV infusion, 20 mg/L of isotonic solution added to infusion 15–30 min before anesthesia.


  • Nonpsychotic anxiety: 5–10 mg PO tid or qid. Do not give more than 20 mg/day or for longer than 12 wk.

Pediatric patients

Do not use in pediatric surgery.

Less than 9 kg or younger than 2 yr: Generally not recommended.

Psychotic disturbances: 2–12 yr: 2.5 mg PO or rectally bid–tid. Do not give more than 10 mg on first day. Increase dosage according to patient response; total daily dose usually does not exceed 20 mg (2–5 yr) or 25 mg (6–12 yr).

Younger than 12 yr: 0.132 mg/kg by deep IM injection. Switch to oral dosage as soon as possible (usually after one dose).

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Jul 21, 2016 | Posted by in NURSING | Comments Off on Prochlorperazine

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