Penicillins
PREGNANCY CATEGORY B
Therapeutic Actions
Penicillins are antibiotics. They are bactericidal, inhibiting the synthesis of cell wall of sensitive organisms, causing cell death in susceptible organisms.
Indications
Treatment of moderate to severe infections caused by sensitive organisms: streptococci, pneumococci, staphylococci, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum, meningococci, Actinomyces israelii, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium tetani, Leptotrichia buccalis (Vincent’s disease), Spirillum minus or Streptobacillus moniliformis, Listeria monocytogenes, Pasteurella multocida, Erysipelothrix insidiosa, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Alcaligenes faecalis, Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus mirabilis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Bacillus anthracis
Treatment of syphilis, gonococcal infections
Unlabeled use: Treatment of Lyme disease
Contraindications and Cautions
Contraindicated with allergy to penicillins, cephalosporins, other allergens.
Use cautiously with renal disease, pregnancy, lactation (may cause diarrhea or candidiasis in the infant).
Adverse Effects
CNS: Lethargy, hallucinations, seizures
GI: Glossitis, stomatitis, gastritis, sore mouth, furry tongue, black “hairy” tongue, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, enterocolitis, pseudomembranous colitis, nonspecific hepatitis
GU: Nephritis-oliguria, proteinuria, hematuria, casts, azotemia, pyuria
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