Oral Contraceptives
TERMS
□ biphasic
□ monophasic
□ triphasic
QUICK LOOK AT THE CHAPTER AHEAD
Oral contraceptives that contain both estrogen and progestin are known as combination oral contraceptives; those that contain progestin only are also called progestin-only oral contraception, also known as the “mini-pill.” The combination oral contraceptives are more widely used than progestin only.
The combination oral contraceptives have three subgroups: monophasic, biphasic, and triphasic. The monophasic form contains the same daily amount of estrogen and progestin. The biphasic form contains the same daily amount of estrogen, but the progestin dose is increased in the second half of the cycle. The triphasic form contains estrogen and progestin dosage changes for each phase of the cycle in two regimens.
Table 56-1 Oral Contraceptives | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES CLIENT TEACHING
Take exactly as prescribed at the same time each day and in proper sequence.
Keep an extra month’s supply available.
When beginning to use oral contraceptives, use an additional form of birth control for the first cycle.
If one dose is missed, take as soon as remembered.
If 2 consecutive days are missed, take 2 tablets a day for the next 2 days. Continue with regular dosing schedule, and use an additional method of contraception for the rest of the cycle.
If 3 consecutive days are missed, discontinue and use another form of contraception until menses begins or pregnancy is ruled out.
If nausea occurs, drug may be taken with food.
Perform monthly self-breast exams, and report lumps to health care provider.
Continue regular follow-up gynecological exams with health care provider, including pap smears.
Use sunscreen and protective clothing to prevent changes in skin pigmentation.
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