Ondansetron Hydrochloride



Ondansetron Hydrochloride





(on dan’ sah tron)

Zofran, Zofran ODT, Zuplenz

PREGNANCY CATEGORY B


Drug Class

Antiemetic


Therapeutic Actions

Blocks specific receptor sites (5-HT3), which are associated with nausea and vomiting in the chemoreceptor trigger zone, centrally and at specific sites peripherally. It is not known whether its antiemetic actions are from actions at the central, peripheral, or combined sites.


Indications



  • Parenteral and oral: Prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with emetogenic cancer chemotherapy in patients older than 6 mo


  • Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting—to prevent further episodes or, when postoperative nausea and vomiting must be avoided (oral), prophylactically (parenteral) in patients older than 1 mo


  • Prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with radiotherapy


  • Unlabeled use: Treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with acetaminophen poisoning, prostacyclin therapy



Available Forms

Tablets—4, 8, 24 mg; orally disintegrating tablets—4, 8 mg; oral solution—4 mg/5 mL; oral soluble film—4, 8 mg; injection—2 mg/mL


Dosages

Adults

Parenteral



  • Prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: Three 0.15 mg/kg doses IV: First dose is given over 15 min, beginning 30 min before chemotherapy; subsequent doses are given at 4 and 8 hr.

Oral



  • Prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy: 8 mg PO 30 min prior to chemotherapy, then 8 mg 8 hr later; give 8 mg every 12 hr for 1–2 days after completion of chemotherapy. For highly emetogenic chemotherapy, give 24 mg PO 30 min before starting chemotherapy.


  • Prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with radiotherapy: 8 mg PO tid. For total-body radiotherapy, administer 1–2 hr before radiation each day. For single high-dose radiotherapy to abdomen, give 1–2 hr before radiotherapy, then every 8 hr for 1–2 days after completion of therapy. For daily fractionated radiotherapy to abdomen, give 1–2 hr before therapy, then every 8 hr for each day therapy is given.

Parenteral or oral



  • Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting: 4 mg undiluted IV, preferably over 2–5 min, or as a single IM dose immediately before induction of anesthesia or 16 mg PO 1 hr before anesthesia.

Pediatric patients

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Jul 21, 2016 | Posted by in NURSING | Comments Off on Ondansetron Hydrochloride

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