Nitrofurantoin(nye troe fyoor an’ toyn)
Nitrofurantoin
Apo-Nitrofurantoin (CAN), Furadantin (CAN), Novo-Furantoin (CAN)
Nitrofurantoin Macrocrystals
Macrobid, Macrodantin
PREGNANCY CATEGORY B
Drug Classes
Antibacterial
Urinary tract anti-infective
Therapeutic Actions
Bacteriostatic in low concentrations, possibly by interfering with bacterial carbohydrate metabolism; bactericidal in high concentrations, possibly by disrupting bacterial cell wall formation, causing cell death.
Indications
Treatment of UTIs, including acute cystitis, caused by susceptible strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus
Prophylaxis or long-term suppression of UTIs
Contraindications and Cautions
Contraindicated with allergy to nitrofurantoin, renal impairment, pregnancy, lactation.
Use cautiously in patients with G6PD deficiency, anemia, diabetes.
Available Forms
Capsules—25, 50, 100 mg; dual-release capsules—100 mg; oral suspension—25 mg/5 mL
Dosages
Adults
50–100 mg PO qid for 10–14 days or 100 mg PO bid for 7 days (Macrobid). Do not exceed 400 mg/day.
Long-term suppressive therapy: 50–100 mg PO at bedtime.
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