Lopinavir (Lopinavir and Ritonavir)



Lopinavir (Lopinavir and Ritonavir)





(low pin’ ah ver)

KaletraDNC

PREGNANCY CATEGORY C


Drug Classes

Antiviral

Protease inhibitor combination


Therapeutic Actions

Lopinavir in this combination exhibits antiviral activity; inhibits HIV protease activity, leading to the decrease in production of HIV particles; ritonavir in this preparation inhibits metabolism of lopinavir, allowing for increased plasma levels of lopinavir.


Indications



  • Treatment of HIV infection in combination with other antiretrovirals



Contraindications and Cautions



  • Contraindicated with allergy to lopinavir, ritonavir; in preterm infants.


  • Use cautiously with pregnancy, hepatic impairment, pancreatitis, lactation.


Available Forms

TabletsDNC—100 mg lopinavir/25 mg ritonavir, 200 mg lopinavir/50 mg ritonavir; oral solution—80 mg lopinavir/20 mg ritonavir/5 mL



Dosages

Dosage is based on lopinavir component of lopinavir/ritonavir solution (400 mg/100 mg/5 mL).

Once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir can be used in patients with less than three lopinavir-resistance-associated substitutions.

Adults and pediatric patients older than 12 yr and weighing more than 40 kg



  • HIV infection, with other antiretrovirals in treatment-naïve patients: 800 mg lopinavir and 200 mg ritonavir (four tablets or 10 mL) PO once daily or 400 mg lopinavir and 100 mg ritonavir PO bid with food (two tablets, or three capsules, or 5 mL)


  • HIV infection, with other antiretrovirals in treatment-experienced patients: 400 mg lopinavir and 100 mg ritonavir (two tablets, or three capsules, or 5 mL) PO bid.


  • Taken with efavirenz, nevirapine, fosamprenavir without ritonavir, or nelfinavir: 533 mg lopinavir and 133 mg ritonavir (four capsules or 6.5 mL) PO bid for treatment-experienced patients. No dosage adjustment needed for treatment-naïve patients.

Pediatric patients 6 mo to 12 yr

Dosage is usually based on weight.



















































Weight (kg) Dosage Volume of oral solution bid
7–less than 15 12 mg/kg bid  
7–10   1.25 mL
More than 10–less than 15   1.75 mL
15–40 10 mg/kg bid  
15–20   2.25 mL
More than 20–25   2.75 mL
More than 25–30   3.5 mL
More than 30–35   4 mL
More than 35–40   4.75 mL
More than 40 Adult dose 5 mL



  • Concomitant therapy with efavirenz, nevirapine, amprenavir























































Weight (kg) Dosage Volume of oral solution bid
7–less than 15 13 mg/kg bid  
7–10   1.5 mL
More than 10–less than 15   2 mL
15–40 11 mg/kg bid  
15–20   2.5 mL
More than 20–25   3.25 mL
More than 25–30   4 mL
More than 30–35   4.5 mL
More than 35–40   5 mL
More than 40–45   5.75 mL
More than 45 Adult dose 6.5 mL

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Jul 21, 2016 | Posted by in NURSING | Comments Off on Lopinavir (Lopinavir and Ritonavir)

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