Histamine2 (H2) Antagonists
PREGNANCY CATEGORY B
Therapeutic Actions
H2 antagonists inhibit the action of histamine at the H2 receptors of the stomach, inhibiting gastric acid secretion and reducing total pepsin output; the resultant decrease in acid allows healing of ulcerated areas.
Indications
Short-term and maintenance treatment of active duodenal ulcer and benign gastric ulcer
Treatment of pathologic hypersecretory conditions (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome) and erosive GERD
Prophylaxis of stress-induced ulcers and acute upper GI bleed in critically ill patients
Treatment of GERD, heartburn, acid indigestion, sour stomach
Contraindications and Cautions
Contraindicated with allergy to H2 antagonists, impaired renal or hepatic function, or lactation.
Adverse Effects
CNS: Dizziness, somnolence, headache, confusion, hallucinations, peripheral neuropathy, symptoms of brain stem dysfunction (dysarthria, ataxia, diplopia)
CV: Cardiac arrhythmias, arrest; hypotension (IV use)
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