Doxycycline(dox i sye’ kleen)
Adoxa, Apo-Doxy (CAN), Atridox, Doryx, Doxy 100, Doxy 200, Doxycin (CAN), Monodox, Nu-Doxycycline (CAN), Oracea, Vibramycin
PREGNANCY CATEGORY D
Drug Classes
Tetracycline antibiotic
Therapeutic Actions
Bacteriostatic: Inhibits protein synthesis of susceptible bacteria, causing cell death.
Indications
Infections caused by rickettsia; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; agents of psittacosis, ornithosis, lymphogranuloma venereum, and granuloma inguinale; Borrelia recurrentis; Haemophilus ducreyi; Pasteurella pestis; Pasteurella tularensis; Bartonella bacilliformis; Bacteroides; Vibrio
comma; Vibrio fetus; Brucella; Escherichia coli; Enterobacter aerogenes; Shigella; Acinetobacter calcoaceticus; Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus
When penicillin is contraindicated, infections caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum, Treponema pertenue, Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium, Bacillus anthracis, Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia trachomatis
Oral tetracyclines used for acne, uncomplicated adult urethral, endocervical, or rectal infections caused by C. trachomatis
Acute intestinal amebiasis
Reduction of incidence and progression of disease following exposure to anthrax
Malaria prophylaxis for malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum for short-term use in travelers
Treatment of inflammatory lesions (papules and pustules) of rosacea in adults; not for generalized erythema of rosacea
Treatment of periodontal disease as an adjunct to scaling and root planing
Unlabeled uses: Prevention of traveler’s diarrhea commonly caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli; Lyme disease; CDC-recommended treatment of STDs, including granuloma inguinale, syphilis, chlamydial infections in patients older than 8 yr, pelvic inflammatory disease, epididymitis, and sexual assault prophylaxis
Contraindications and Cautions
Contraindicated with allergy to tetracyclines.
Use cautiously with renal or hepatic impairment, pregnancy, lactation.
Available Forms
Tablets—20, 50, 75, 100 mg; DR tablets—75, 100 mg; capsules—50, 100 mg; coated pellets, capsules—75, 100 mg; powder for oral suspension—25 mg; syrup—50 mg/5 mL; powder for injection—100, 200 mg; injection—42.5 mg
Dosages
Adults
Rosacea: 40 mg/day PO in the morning with a full glass of water, on an empty stomach, for up to 9 mo.
Adults and pediatric patients older than 8 yr and weighing more than 45 kg
200 mg IV in one or two infusions (each over 1–4 hr) on the first treatment day, followed by 100–200 mg/day IV, depending on the severity of the infection, or 200 mg PO on day 1, followed by 100 mg/day PO.
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