Dangerous Drug: Opium Preparations(oh’ pee um)
Camphorated tincture: Paregoric
Deodorized tincture: Opium Tincture, Deodorized
CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE C-III (PAREGORIC)
CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE C-II (OPIUM TINCTURE, DEODORIZED)
PREGNANCY CATEGORY C
Drug Classes
Antidiarrheal
Opioid agonist analgesic
Therapeutic Actions
Activity is primarily due to morphine content; acts as agonist at specific opioid receptors in the CNS to produce analgesia, euphoria, sedation; the receptors mediating these effects are thought to be the same as those mediating the effects of endogenous opioids (enkephalins, endorphins); inhibits peristalsis and diarrhea by producing spasm of GI tract smooth muscle.
Indications
Antidiarrheal
Unlabeled uses: Neonatal abstinence syndrome, management of short-bowel syndrome
Contraindications and Cautions
Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to opioids, diarrhea caused by poisoning (before toxins are eliminated), pregnancy, labor or delivery (opioids given to mother can cause respiratory depression of neonate; premature infants are at special risk; may prolong labor), bronchial asthma, COPD, cor pulmonale, respiratory depression, anoxia, kyphoscoliosis, acute alcoholism, increased intracranial pressure, lactation.
Use cautiously with acute abdominal conditions, CV disease, supraventricular tachycardias, myxedema, seizure disorders, delirium tremens, cerebral arteriosclerosis, ulcerative colitis, fever, Addison disease, prostatic hypertrophy, urethral stricture, recent GI or GU surgery, toxic psychosis, renal or hepatic impairment.
Available Forms
Liquid—2 mg morphine equivalent/5 mL (Paregoric); 10 mg/mL (Opium Tincture, Deodorized)
Dosages
Warning Caution: Opium Tincture, Deodorized, contains 25 times more morphine than Paregoric. Do not confuse dosage; severe toxicity can occur.Adults
Paregoric
5–10 mL PO daily–qid (5 mL is equivalent to 2 mg morphine).
Opium Tincture, Deodorized
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