Dangerous Drug: Codeine Phosphate(koe’ deen)
PREGNANCY CATEGORY C (DURING PREGNANCY)
PREGNANCY CATEGORY D (DURING LABOR)
CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE C-II
Drug Classes
Antitussive
Opioid agonist analgesic
Therapeutic Actions
Acts at opioid receptors in the CNS to produce analgesia, euphoria, sedation; acts in the medullary cough center to depress cough reflex.
Indications
Relief of mild to moderate pain in adults and children
Suppression of coughing induced by chemical or mechanical irritation of the respiratory system
Contraindications and Cautions
Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to opioids, physical dependence on an opioid analgesic (drug may precipitate withdrawal).
Use cautiously with pregnancy, labor, lactation, bronchial asthma, COPD, respiratory depression, anoxia, increased intracranial pressure, acute MI, ventricular failure, coronary insufficiency, hypertension, biliary tract surgery, renal or hepatic impairment.
Available Forms
Tablets—15, 30, 60 mg; injection—15, 30 mg/mL
Dosages
Adults
Analgesic
15–60 mg PO, IM, IV or subcutaneously every 4–6 hr; do not exceed 360 mg/24 hr.
Antitussive
10–20 mg PO every 4–6 hr; do not exceed 120 mg/24 hr.
Pediatric patients
Contraindicated in premature infants.
Analgesic
1 yr and older: 0.5 mg/kg or 15 mg/m2 IM or subcutaneously every 4 hr.
Antitussive
2–6 yr: 2.5–5 mg PO every 4–6 hr; do not exceed 12–18 mg/day based on age.
6–12 yr: 5–10 mg PO every 4–6 hr; do not exceed 60 mg/24 hr.
Geriatric patients or impaired Adults
Use caution; respiratory depression may occur in elderly, the very ill, or those with respiratory problems. Reduced dosage may be necessary.
Pharmacokinetics
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