Ciprofloxacin(si proe flox’ a sin)
Apo-Ciprofloxacin (CAN), Ciloxan, Cipro, Cipro HC Otic, Cipro I.V., Cipro XRDNC, Co Ciprofloxacin, Gen-Ciprofloxacin (CAN), PMS-Ciprofloxacin (CAN), ratio-Ciprofloxacin (CAN)
PREGNANCY CATEGORY C
Drug Classes
Antibacterial
Fluoroquinolone
Therapeutic Actions
Bactericidal; interferes with DNA replication in susceptible bacteria preventing cell reproduction.
Indications
For the treatment of infections caused by susceptible gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus rettgeri, Morganella morganii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter freundii, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, group D streptococci, Serratia marcescens (such as chancroid, granuloma inguinale, infective endocarditis, plague, tularemia, multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis, disseminated gonorrhea); surgical, urologic, gynecologic procedure prophylaxis
Treatment of acute otitis externa (otic)
Treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis
Treatment of nosocomial pneumonia caused by Haemophilus influenzae, K. pneumoniae (IV)
Typhoid fever (oral)
STDs caused by Neisseria gonorrheae (oral)
Prevention of anthrax following exposure to anthrax bacillus (prophylactic use in regions suspected of using germ warfare)
Acute sinusitis: Caused by H. influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Moraxella catarrhalis
Lower respiratory tract infections: Caused by E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter species, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, H. influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, S. pneumoniae
Unlabeled uses: Cystic fibrosis in patients who have pulmonary exacerbations, gastroenteritis in children, mycobacterial infection, traveler’s diarrhea
Contraindications and Cautions
Contraindicated with allergy to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin or other fluoroquinolones, pregnancy, lactation.
Use cautiously with renal impairment, seizures, tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with fluoroquinolone use.
Available Forms
Tablets—100, 250, 500, 750 mg; ER tabletsDNC—500, 1,000 mg; injection—200, 400 mg; microcapsules for suspension—250, 500 mg; ophthalmic ointment—3.33 mg/g; ophthalmic solution—3.5 mg/mL; otic suspension—2 mg/mL; otic single-use container—0.25 mL
Dosages
Adults
Uncomplicated UTIs: 250 mg PO every 12 hr for 3 days or 500 mg PO daily (ER tablets) for 3 days.
Mild to moderate UTIs: 250 mg every 12 hr PO for 7–14 days or 200 mg IV every 12 hr for 7–14 days.
Complicated UTIs: 500 mg every 12 hr PO for 7–14 days or 400 mg IV every 12 hr or 1,000 mg (ER tablets) PO daily every 7–14 days.
Chronic bacterial prostatitis: 500 mg PO every 12 hr for 28 days or 400 mg IV every 12 hr for 28 days.
Infectious diarrhea: 500 mg every 12 hr PO for 5–7 days.
Anthrax postexposure: 500 mg PO every 12 hr for 60 days or 400 mg IV every 12 hr for 60 days.
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