Chlamydia

Chlamydia trachomatis

Usually asymptomatic; irregular menses, postcoital spotting, purulent cervical discharge, dysuria

Culture, DNA probe, enzyme immunoassay, nucleic acid amplification

Azithromycin single dose; doxycycline; erythromycin or amoxicillin if pregnant

Gonorrhea

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Usually asymptomatic; purulent cervical discharge, menstrual irregularities, pelvic pain

Thayer-Martin cultures

Cefixime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, treat presumptively for chlamydia

Syphilis

Treponema pallidum

Periods of active symptoms and latency. Primary: chancre. Secondary: maculopapular rash on palms and soles. Tertiary: central nervous system, cardiovascular changes; gumma lesions.

Venereal Disease Research Laboratory or rapid plasma reagent. To confirm: fluorescent treponemal antibody absorbed and microhemagglutination assays for antibody to T. pallidum

Penicillin G; if penicillin allergic, doxycycline or tetracycline