Antiseizure Drugs



Antiseizure Drugs















Table 18-1 Antiseizure Drugs































Prototype Drug


Related Drugs


Drug Classification


phenytoin (Dilantin)


ethotoin (Peganone)
fosphenytoin (Cerebyx)
mephenytoin (Mesantoin)


Hydantoins


phenobarbital (Luminal)


mephobarbital (Mebaral)
primidone (Mysoline)


Barbiturates and barbiturate-like drugs


diazepam (Valium)


clonazepam (Klonopin)
clorazepate (Tranxene)


Benzodiazepines


ethosuximide (Zarontin)


methsuximide (Celontin)
phensuximide (Milontin)


Succinimides


carbamazepine (Tegretol)


oxcarbazepine (Trileptal)


Miscellaneous antiseizure drugs


There is no prototype for this classification


acetazolamide (Diamox)
felbamate (Felbatol)
gabapentin (Neurontin)
lamotrigine (Lamictal)
levetriacetam (Keppra)
pregabalin (Lyrica)
tiagabine (Gabitril)
topiramate (Topamax)
valporic acid (Depakene)
zonisamide (Zonegran)


Adjunct antiseizure drugs



ANTISEIZURE DRUGS CLIENT TEACHING


For All Antiseizure Drugs



  • Must take drug exactly as ordered


  • Record all seizure activity.


  • Wear MedicAlert bracelet.


  • Do not perform activities requiring concentration until drug response and seizure activity is known.


  • Do not stop drug abruptly.


  • Do not drink alcohol.







Hydantoins



  • Take with food if have stomach upset.


  • Shake oral suspension.


  • Report excessive sedation.


  • Report skin rash.


  • Monitor gum growth, and perform good oral hygiene.


  • Urine can become pink-red-brown tinged.


  • Do not breast-feed.


  • Flu vaccine can increase seizure activity.






Barbiturates and Barbiturate-Like Drugs



  • Sedation occurs in early treatment.


  • Children may become hyperactive and irritable.


  • Drug can cause birth defects.


  • Do not breast-feed.


  • Do not get pregnant.


  • Increase Vitamin D in diet.




Benzodiazepines



  • Do not get pregnant.


  • Tell physician of any OTC drugs before you take them.


Succinimides



  • Weekly weight


  • Do not breast-feed.


Miscellaneous Antiseizure Drugs



  • Stay out of sun and use sunscreen.


  • Do not breast-feed.


  • Females may have break-through bleeding.




Adjunct Antiseizure Drugs



  • Do not crush or chew tablets or capsules.


  • Avoid pregnancy.


  • Report jaundice, abdominal pain, nausea, malaise, or anorexia to physician.



Oct 21, 2016 | Posted by in NURSING | Comments Off on Antiseizure Drugs

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